Head and Neck Flashcards
Inspection head and face
Expression Facial symmetry Features of genetic disease or endocrine disease Swellings Pulsations Hair distribution/loss Shape face/skull Scars Rash/acne/blisters Movements/weakness
Inspection eyes
Lid lag Proptosis Eye movements Sclera for jaundice/anaemia Features thyroid eye disease
Inspection nose
Look from front, roof and side
Discharge
Test air flow by blocking one nostril
Elevate tip to look for nasal vestibule
Inspection mouth
Cyanosis Angular stomatisis Dentition Floor mouth Hard and soft palate Cheeks Parotid ducts Uvula and tonsils Move tongue side to side Fasciculations and wasting og tongue Submandibular ducts
Inspection dentition
Oral hygiene Loose/broken teeth Worn teeth Signs trauma Signs of rubbing Check bite Gums for inflammation or pallor Pigmentation of gums
Inspection Ears
Pinna for nodules/lesions
Pinna pushed forward? mastoiditis
External auditory meatus
Mastoid process
Inspect neck
Scars
Swellings
Lumps- size, site, skin changes
Movement of tongue with protusion
Palpation of skull and face
Mastoid process Orbital margin Tenderness temp artery area Maxilla Mandible Check TM joint w fingers
Palpate nose
Nasal cartilage and bones
Tenderness over pananasal sinusitis
Bimanual palpation of mouth- 4 things
Floor mouth
Inside cheeks
Salivary glands
Substance of tongue
Palpate ears
Pull at pinna for discomfort
Palpate mastoid process for tenderness
Palpate neck
Tracheal position
Lymph nodes in Z line
Assessing lymph swellings
Ant/pos triangle Midline or lateral Swelling or cyst Mobile or nodular/hard Cystic Vascular
Auscultation
Carotid artery for bruits
Enlarged thyroid
Auriscope
Pain screen Find appropriate speculum Turn head away Inspect outer meatus and pull pinna back/out Look for tympanic membrane Handle of malleus Light reflex at 4/5 oclock Inspect discharge
