Cardio Flashcards
1
Q
ECG limbs
A
Red- R arm
Yellow- L arm
Green- L leg
Black- R leg
2
Q
Inspection of hands and arms
A
Tar staining Warmth hands Cyanosis or anaemia Clubbing Splinter haemorrhage Cap refil Fine tremor Pulse- rate, rhythm, volume and character Track marks of arms
3
Q
Blood pressure
A
Check sphygmomanometer is at level or heart Select cuff size Squeeze out air Dial at 0 Reconnect tubules Feel for systolic and add 30 Listen and record systolic and diastolic
4
Q
ECG chest
A
Red- R sternum Yellow- L sternum Green- 4th intercostal Brown- 5th intercostal almost mid clavic Black- 5th beside apex beat Purple- 4th in axilla (ish)
5
Q
Mitral stenosis
A
Roll onto L side and listen at apex with bell
6
Q
Comms questions- 6
A
Short of breath Palpitations Chest pain Claudication Varicose Veins Oedema/swelling
7
Q
Extra tests
A
Aortic stenosis Mitral Regurgitation Mitral stenosis Aortic regurgitation Listen at bases of lungs for crackles Liver palpation Ascities- shifting dullness
8
Q
Mitral Regurgitation
A
Listen over apex then L axilla
9
Q
Peripheral pulses
A
Radial Brachial Carotid Femoral Radio- femoral delay Popliteal Posterior tibial Dorsalis pedis Bruits over carotid and femoral
10
Q
To count rate on ECG
A
Large squares between each QRS divided by 300
So if 4 large squares- 300 / 4 = 75bpm
11
Q
Chest/precordium
A
Examine JVP Kyphoscoliosis Pectus excavatum Scars Pacemaker Visible pulsation
12
Q
Lower limbs
A
Pitting oedema Temp Hair distribution Cap refil Ulcers or gangrene Varicose veins
13
Q
Palpation
A
Tracheal position
Apex beat
Heaves
Thrills
14
Q
Head
A
Malar flush Pallor Signs of anaemia in conjunctivae Central cyanosis of tongue Angular stomatitis Colour of tongue
15
Q
Aortic stenosis
A
Over aortic valve area then over both carotid arteries
