Head And Neck Flashcards
What is the most appropriate incision for excision of submandibular gland?
A transversely orientated incision 3 cm below the mandible
Incisions located higher than this may damage the marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve
What are the boundaries of the anterior triangle of the neck?
Anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid muscle
Lower border of mandible
Anterior midline
What are the contents of foramen ovale?
Mnemonic: OVALE
O tic ganglion V3 (Mandibular nerve:3rd branch of trigeminal) A ccessory meningeal artery L esser petrosal nerve E missary vein
What is the lymphatic drainage of the auricle?
The lateral surface of the upper half drains to the superficial parotid lymph nodes
The cranial surface of the superior half drains to the mastoid nodes and deep cervical lymph nodes
The lower half and lobule drain into the superficial cervical lymph nodes.
What is the surgical importance of the lower border of cricoid cartilage?
At C6 level
Corresponds to the commencement of the trachea and also:
• Junction of larynx with trachea
• Junction of pharynx with oesophagus
• Level at which the inferior thyroid artery enters the thyroid gland
• The level at which the vertebral artery enters the transverse foramen in the 6th cervical vertebra
• Level at which the superior belly of omohyoid crosses the carotid sheath
• The level of the middle cervical sympathetic ganglion
The level at which the carotid artery can be compressed against the transverse process of C6 (carotid tubercle).
Where do parasympathetic fibres innervating the parotid gland originate from?
Otic ganglion
Secretion of saliva by the parotid gland is controlled by nerve fibres originating in the inferior salivatory nucleus; these leave the brain via the tympanic nerve (branch of glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), travel through the tympanic plexus (located in the middle ear), and then form the lesser petrosal nerve until reaching the otic ganglion. After synapsing in the Otic ganglion, the postganglionic (postsynaptic) fibres travel as part of the auriculotemporal nerve (a branch of the mandibular nerve (V3) to reach the parotid gland.
What are the structures that pass through the superior orbital fissure?
Live Frankly To See Absolutely No Insult
Lacrimal Frontal Trochlear Superior Division of Oculomotor Abducens Nasociliary Inferior Division of Oculomotor nerve
Which nerve innervates the lower molar teeth?
Inferior alveolar nerve
The branches of the lower molar and premolar teeth are supplied by branches of the inferior alveolar nerve.
Cannie and incisors innervated by the incisive branch of the same nerve.
The gingiva and supporting structures are innervated by the lingual nerve.
During a radical neck dissection, division of which fascial layer will expose the ansa cervicalis?
Pretracheal fascia.
The ansa cervicalis lies anterior to the carotid sheath. It may be exposed by division of the pretracheal fascia at the posterolateral aspect of the thyroid gland. The pre vertebral fascia lies more posteriorly and division of the investing layer of fascia will not expose this nerve.
What is the sensory nerve supply to the skin overlying the angle of the jaw?
Greater auricular nerve (C2-C3)
What is the course of the vertebral artery?
It passes through the foramina which are located in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebra then enters the foramen magnum.
What is the vessel that is located adjacent to the inferior parathyroid gland laterally?
Common carotid artery..
What is the first vessel that branches of from the external carotid artery?
Superior thyroid artery
Mnemonic
(Order in which they branch off)Some (sup thyroid)Attendings (Ascending Pharyngeal)Like (Lingual)Freaking (Facial)Out (Occipital)Potential (Post auricular)Medical (Maxillary)Students (Sup temporal)
