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Dt > Head anatomy > Flashcards

Head anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is anatomy

A

study of the structure of the human and its body part

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2
Q

how many bones are in the skull

A

28 bones -(made of 8 cranium,14 facial, 6 ossicle)

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3
Q

What are 3 division of the skull

A

facial , cranium . auditory ossicle

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4
Q

define preocess

A

prominence or projection on a bone

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5
Q

Tubercle

A

rounded elevation on bone surface

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6
Q

Tuberosity

A

large , rough prominence on tooth surface of bone

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7
Q

Foreman

A

small opening where blood vessels/ligaments pass

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8
Q

Temporal

A

Pertaining to temple

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9
Q

Alveolar

A

meaning hollow relating to alveolus( tooth socket )

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10
Q

what is the function of the cranium

A

protect and cover brain, also contains sinuses

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11
Q

what is the function of the facial bones

A

provide shape and form

surrounds support structures (eg. teeth)

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12
Q

what is the function of auditory ossicle

A

T direct sound

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13
Q

How many CRANIAL bones are there? name them

A 
8 cranial bones in total
Frontal bone (1)
Occipital bone (1)
Sphenoid bone (1)
Ethmoid bone (1)
Parietal bone (x2)
Temporal bone( x2)
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14
Q

Frontal bone

A

cranium bone
forms forehead
2 sinuses above eye

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15
Q

occipital bone

A

forms back and base of cranium

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16
Q

sphenoid and ethmoid

A

cranium bone
house sinuses
bat wing/butterfly shape
“keystone” ->contact all cranial bones

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17
Q

Parietal Bones

A

Cranium bone
forms upper/roof of cranium
Paired (x2)

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18
Q

Temporal bones

A

cranium bone
paired(x2)
forms TMJ with mandible
forms zygomatic arch

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19
Q

How are cranial bones joined together?

A

cranial Sutures

sutures=immovable

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20
Q

How many facial bones are there?

A

14 bones
all visible expect palatine bones
all paired expect mandible

21
Q

What is a palatine bone?

Are they visible?

A

forms posterior hard palate+ floor of nose

not visible on anterior view

22
Q

Define zygoma bones

A

helps temporal bone form zygomatic arch

AKA Cheek surface

23
Q

What are 2 types of bones

A
  1. cortical bone -compact bones

2. cancellous bone-spongy bones

24
Q

Maxilla bone role

A

support upper teeth
has sinuses
form upper jaw+ part of hard palate

25
Q

Median palatine suture

A

suture located on maxillary midline of the hard palate

-its covered by soft tissue (median suture raphe)

26
Q

Alveolar process

A

surround and support teeth on maxillary arch

above gum area

27
Q

Maxillary tuberosity

A

Round protuberance distal to last molar

28
Q

Incisive foreman

A

opening posterior to central incisors

opening of nasopaltine

29
Q

Mandible role

A

suppot lowe teeth
form lower jaw
moveable bone of skull
largest and strongest facial bone

30
Q

Angle of Mandible

A

posterior of mandible where ramus+ body meet.

corner of jaw bone

31
Q

Ramus

A

Broad border of mandible , posterior end of body

32
Q

Condyle

A

round projection on ramus

articulates joins with temporal bones

33
Q

External Oblique Ridge

A

A smooth ridge on the buccal surface of mandible

extends from the anterior border of ramus- downward and forward with diminishing prominence

34
Q

Mental Foramen

A

Openings (2)
located on mandible- the apices of the bicuspids
2 little holes under premolars

35
Q

Mental Protuberance-

A

front of the mandible

forms Chin

36
Q

Alveolar Process

A

Supports the teeth of the lower arch

gum area below teeth on the bottom

37
Q

Mylohyoid Ridge

A

.ridge on lingual surface of mandible( extends from roots of the last molar ->t floor of the mouth)

38
Q

Genial Tubercles

A

small eminence of bone
lingual side of mandible at the midline
attachment site for muscles

39
Q

Sinus

A

air filled space/ cavity with bone

paranasal sinuses = cranial bones +facial bones-> connect to the nasal passage

40
Q

Paranasal Sinuses

A 
connect to the nasal passage
Cranium sinuses  (Frontal, Sphenoid, Ethmoid) 
Face sinuses (Maxillary)
41
Q

function of paranasal sinuses

A

produce mucus
make bones lighter
help produce sound

42
Q

Sinusitis

A

Inflammation of the lining of the paranasal

cause: allergic, or bacterial factor
results: in blockage of sinus drainage

43
Q

Sinusitis symptoms

A 
Voice sound
tenderness, swelling
Pain
Post nasal drip
Toothache
44
Q

Secondary Sinusitis

A

the inflammation of the sinuses proximal surface

e.g infection of the adjacent teeth

45
Q

TMJ

A

The Temporomandibular Joint

joint allows movement of mandible
Purpose speech and mastication (chewing)
formation (temporal bone and the mandible bone

46
Q

Basic movement of TMJ

A

Hinge-open and close

glide -side to side movement

47
Q

Articular eminence

A

how wide the mouth can open
average 3 finger width
temporomandibular disorder jaw issues (lockjaw)

48
Q

Condyle

A

rounded process on ramus

49
Q

Median paltine raphe

A

Soft tissue covering palatine suture

Dt (10 decks)

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