Dt3 Oral cavity ( diseases , condition pathologies) Flashcards
Biofilm
Aka plaque
Devlop on teeth consits of bacteria
Calculus
Minerlized biofilm
Hard stone like material
formed by calcium and phsopjate
Disease
Abnormal condtion that impairs in normal function.
Pathology
Study of disease innoral cavity
Lesion
Site of change in tissue structure
Due to injury or disease
2 bacteria responsible for caries
- Mutant streppoco (Ms) dental plaque
2. Lactobacilli-(LB) high sugar intake
Define Ecc
Early childhood caries
Oral disease in kids (infant-5 yrs)
Caries process
Suceptible tooth
Diet
Bacteria
3 present at the same time
Caries process
Ms and lb breaks down (ferment)carbs -produce acid- causes demenerlization of ename(remove calcuim and phosphate)
First stage of caries developmnt
Susceptible tooth
Harder to clean ,
Irregular position tooth
Eg orthodontics
Deep pits
Cariogenic diet
Refined carbs lead to deminerlization
Frequent carbs=acid attack= dmnlization
Changes ph
- What are the three factors necessary for the formation of dental caries
Susceptible tooth – harder to clean e.g. deep fissure pits
Bacteria -biofilm -not removed = increased risk of caries
diet -fermented carbs lead to demineralization +change ph.
Secondary caries
for caries occurring under or adjacent to existing dental restorations
three protective mechanisms produced by saliva
Physical -dilute remove acid
Chemical-calcium, phosphate, fluoride(calcium for remineralization)
Antibacterial- work against bacteria (less saliva=high decay risk)
- The 2 main type of periodontal disease
gingivitis -gingiva inflammation-reversible
periodontitis-inflammation of supporting tissues irreversible
Diabetes and Periodontal disease
difficulty controlling glucose
3x likely to progress to periodontal disease
Pregnancy and Periodontal disease
hormone imbalance=sensitive response to bacteria
7x low birth rate
Heart Disease and Periodontal disease
oral bacteria can spread to blood stream
contribute to clots+heart attack
Dental Factors and Periodontal disease
biofilm accumulation
hard access surface=more biofilm
accumulation of biofilm
lesions found below the mucosal surface
CYST,UCLERS< EROSION
Lesion on even surface
ECCHYMOSIS- bruising
• Aphthous ulcers
Canker sores
Linked to diet, stress
Heals 7-10 days
Candidiasis
“White Patch”
can result from oral fungus antibiotic,
diabetes, accompanied by halitosis and discomfort
Lichen planus
Connected circular white patch
oral mucosa
Herpes virus lesions
heal 1-2 weeks
transmittable
triggered by stree/sunlight
Oral Piercing complications
chipped teeth
infection on site
Orval Cancer occurs in
occurs in vermillion border of lip
Risks of oral cancer
use of tabacco
alcohol
sun exposure
age
Diagnostic Procedures for Oral cancer
BIopsy: surgical removal tissue
Cell cytology smear:cells-glaass-tested
Tissue fluorescence- observing light response to oral tissue response
Role of biofilm in dental disease
Bacteria in biofilm produce by-products…
Toxins &Acids
Toxins=inflammation
Acids= demineralization
Role of Calculus
contributes to the progression of periodontal disease,
calculus= ideal place for bacteria
How to Control Tooth Decay
Diet Fluoride Biofilm removal Saliva Antibacterial mouth rinses Dental Sealants
2 stages Carious Lesions develop
Stage 1: Incipient caries-demineralize ename
Stage 2: Frank/overt-cavity/hole
