Dt 2 Tissue of oral cavity Flashcards
Eruption
The movement of the teeth into the working position
- Exfoliate
I. The normal process of shedding the primary teeth
- Succedaneous
Permanent teeth that replace primary teeth
- Supernumerary
H. Additional teeth, usually small and poorly developed
- Hyperdontia
B. The condition of having one or more supernumerary teeth
- Anodontia
L. The absence of some or all teeth because the teeth had never developed
- Congenitally missing
J. When one or more teeth do not develop
- Edentulous
A. Having no teeth
- Impacted
Unerupted tooth beyond the time at which it should erupt
Eruption of primary teeth starts @ and ends @
starts 6 months and ends 3 years
Exfoliation of primary teeth starts @ __ and ends @____
starts @ 6 and ends @ 12 year
a person has both primary and secondary dentition.
mixed dentition.
age 6 and 12 years,
. Eruption of secondary teeth starts__and ends @___
starts 6 years and ends @ 21 years (wisdom teeth)
what is a retained primary tooth?
a primary tooth that hasn’t exfoliated
Teeth are either__ rooted or __ rooted.
single rooted or multi rooted.
These roots sit in ______within the alveolar process
alveolar socket
“gums”
gingival tissue surrounds each tooth
Primary Dentition
3 classes
12 anterior
8 posterior
0 premolars
8 molars
Secondary Dentition
4 classes
12 anterior
20 posterior
8 premolar
12 molar
Tooth Formation begins In __
utero
pimitive mouth froms
3 weeks
Tongue, jaws, and palate develop
3-5 weeks
primary tooth bud develop
5 weeks***
Secondary tooth buds develop
6 weeks
all buds of Primary present
8 weeks
tooth buds of permenant teeth present
20 weeks
The tooth cells develop knob shaped structures
Bud
Cap
increase cell number and become more “cap like”
Bell
Cells= specialized (enamel and dentin)
basic form/shape of tooth is developed
•Crown
Crown Tissues calcify/harden
• Does not occur until the crown has completely formed
Root
4 parts of a tooth
1. Crown • Clinical -anatomical 2. Apex 3. Cervix 4. Root
clinical crown.
the portion of the tooth that is visible in the oral cavity
Enamel-
Hardest material in the body
• white protective surface Covers the crown
protects the dentin
Dentin
Makes up the bulk of the tooth
• Protects the pulp by forming the pulp chamber
• In the crown area- pulp chamber
• In the root- root canal
Cementum-
Hard, bone like covering of the root
attachment for periodontal ligament
• Helps to hold the tooth in position
Pulp-
• soft tissue in cavity
not calcified
apical foramen
opening of the pulp canal, where the nerve supply enters and leaves the tooth
The ANATOMICAL CROWN
part of the tooth that is covered
with enamel
CLINICAL CROWN
part of the tooth which is visible in the mouth.
CERVIX
neck of the tooth
the narrow area where the enamel of crown joins cementum of the root.
CEJ
Cemento-Enamel Junction
line around the perimeter of the tooth
where the enamel covering the crown crown-> meets cementum covering the root
ROOT
covered with Cementum
help to hold the tooth in its bony socket
APEX
APEX is the tip of the
root of the tooth.
APICAL
FORAMEN
the nerve and
blood supply enter and leave
the tooth
interproximal space embrasure
Triangular area between adjacent tooth surfaces
(usually filled with interdental papilla)
aka “open contact”
contact area
Interproximal areas that touch
adjacent teeth in the same
arch.
mesial+ distal surfaces =contact in the same areas
Diastema
A space between two teeth (tooth gap)
Cingulum
Raised, rounded area on the cervical third of the lingual surface of anterior teeth
Marginal Ridges
: Raised, rounded border elevations on on the mesial and
distal aspects of the lingual surfaces of anterior teeth.
Named according to their
relationship to the midline- eg “distal
marginal ridge, or mesial marginal ridg
Lingual fossa
Wide, shallow depression on the
lingual surfaces of anterior teeth.
Above the Cingulum and between the
mesial and distal marginal ridges
groove
serves as a spillway, allowing food to escape during chewing
Fissures and Pits
A Fissure on groove on the occlusal surface caused by imperfect joining of the lobes during tooth formation. prone to tooth decay.
Pits -caused by the crossing of 2 fissures. found on anterior
teeth and buccal surfaces of posterior teeth.
The purpose of a sealant is
prevent occlusal decay
Cusp
Major conical elevation on the masticatory(chewing) surfaces of canine and
posterior teeth
Cusp of Carabelli
bump on first molar lingual maxillary surface- in Permanent Dentition
primary dentition = Cusp of
Carabelli is located on the maxillary 2nd
molar
Distal cusp
located on Mandibular 1st Molars
between the Distobuccal and Distolingual cusps
Furcation
Area between two or more root
branches
2 Roots = Bifurcation
3 Roots = Trifurcation
Mamelon
3 rounded bumps on the incisal area
on newly erupted central and lateral incisors
in PERMANENT DENTITION.
2 functions of the periodontium are to:
- Surround the teeth
2. support the teeth
The 4 parts of the periodontium include the:
- Gingiva
- Periodontal Ligament (PDL)
- Cementum
- Alveolar Bone
his part is also known as the “Gingival Unit”
Gingiva
These parts are collectively known as the “Attachment Apparatus”
Periodontal Ligament (PDL)
Cementum
Alveolar Bone
There are 3 types of gingiva. This includes
Marginal/ unattached/ free
Attached
Interdental
sulcus
a v-shaped on marginal gingiva
measured by periodontal probing.
. The ____is a hard tissue that covers the root of the tooth, and joins the enamel at the
______.
Cementum cementoenamel junction (CEJ)
cementum assists the PDL in ______within the alveolar socket.
anchoring and suspending the tooth
The periodontal ligament (PDL
surrounds the root
suspend the tooth
it acts like a shock absorber)
. The______ is the portion of the jaws that forms and supports the tooth sockets
alveolar bone
What are the 5 boundaries of the oral cavity
- Anterior
- Posterior
- Superior
- Lateral
- Inferior
The entire oral cavity is lined with_____. This is also called
_____
mucous membrane tissue
oral mucosa.
The 3 categories of tissues of the oral cavity are:
masticatory
- lining
- specialized
Buccal, labial, and alveolar mucosa are all within which category of tissue?
Lining mucosa.
How many divisions are there in the oral cavity
2
Oral vestibule: Outside
Oral cavity proper: Inside
The landmarks of the oral vestibule are:
Buccal Mucosa • Parotid Papilla • Labial Mucosa • Alveolar Mucosa • Mucogingival Junction • Height/depth of Vestibule • Frenum/Frena • Gingiva
What are the landmarks of the oral cavity proper?
o Hard- incisive papilla, palatal rugae, median palatine raphe
• Soft- uvula, arches/pillars, tonsils
- Tongue
- Floor of the mouth
- Lingual frenum, sublingual caruncles, plica
- Maxillary tuberosity
- Retromolar pad
.Where is the incisive papilla located?
• Located behind the maxillary central incisor
• Palatal rugae
o Irregular ridges or folds of masticatory mucosa
• Median palatine raphae
o Ridged union of tissue extending from incisive papilla to uvula
What are the two supporting arches of the soft palate
Anterior Palatoglossal arch
• Anterior arch soft palate lateral aspects
of the tongue
Posterior Palatopharyngeal arch
• Posterior supporting arch nearest the pharyn
The tongue functions to:
- Help us to Speak
- Position food while eating
- Taste and Feel
- Swallow
- Cleanse the oral cavity
.What are the surfaces of the tongue?
• Dorsal, lateral, ventral
What is the gag reflex?
• Protective mechanism
sublingual caruncles
2 small, raised folds of tissue - either side of the lingual frenum.
plica
folds of tissue at bottom of tongue that connects tongue to bottom of tongue.
There are 3 pairs of major salivary glands
parotid inside the cheeks. Largest)
The submandibular gland botom of mouth.
Wharton’s duct smallest,
sublingual gland, and it is located on the floor of the mouth
