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Stage 3 Human Diseases > HD4: Virology > Flashcards

HD4: Virology Flashcards

1
Q

How many genes does a virus encode for?

2) What are the 2 main things they encode for?

A

3-100

2) structural proteins (to form part of a new virus) and non-structural proteins (e.g. enzymes)

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2
Q

What are the 2 roles of non-structural protein genes virus’ can encode for?

A

Act with cellular enzymes to replicate virus

May switch of host cell activities / block immune system

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3
Q

What are the 2 shapes capsids come in?

2) Do they attach to host cells?

A

sphere or icosohedron.

2) yes if lipid envelope is not present

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4
Q

Why can’t virus be classified based on disease?

A

different virus ause the same symptom disease, same virus cause different disease or none at all normally

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5
Q 
classify the virus:
Herpes viruses (HSV, cold sores, chickenpox  varicella zoster)
A

double stranded DNA virus

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6
Q

classify the virus:

Hepatitis B virus

A

double stranded DNA virus

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7
Q

classify the virus:

adenovirus

A

double stranded DNA virus

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8
Q

classify the virus:

influenza virus

A

singles stranded RNA virus

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9
Q

classify the virus:

measles

A

singles stranded RNA virus

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10
Q

classify the virus:

HIV

A

retrovirus, are an RNA virus, but not as have a reverse transcription stage

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11
Q

classify the virus:

parvovirus (childhood rash illness)

A

single-stranded DNA

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12
Q

classify the virus:

rotavirus (childhood diarrhoea

A

double-stranded RNA

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13
Q

classify the virus:

Mumps

A

singles stranded RNA virus

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14
Q

classify the virus:

Rhinovirus

A

singles stranded RNA virus

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15
Q

classify the virus:

Hepatitis C virus

A

singles stranded RNA virus

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16
Q

What are the oral manifestations of herpangina?

2) What type of virus is it?

A

1) common lesions in the mouth , ulcers on palate

2) enterovirus (positive sense single stranded RNA)

17
Q

What are the oral manifestations of oral hairy leucoplakia

2) what is its other name?
3) who will be affected by it?

A

1) white patch on tongue that doesn’t rub of
2) epstein barr virus
3) immunocomprimised patients

18
Q

What does a herpes simplex virus look like under electron microscope?

A

fried egg, the yolk is the capsid, the white is the lipid envelope

19
Q

What does the measles virus look like under an electron microscope?

A

a sack= lipid envelope, with rectanglke stringy stuff (capid, which is coating RNA)

20
Q

What is the difference between the capsids of measles and herpes simplex virus?

A

herpes simplex, spherical (contains DNA)

while measles is rectangley shape (and is coating RNA)

21
Q

What is the name of the virus where the capsid is icosahedral and there are surface proteins?

A

adenovirus

22
Q

What is the name of the virus where the capsid is ovally shape with a thin lipid envelope that is lineated (the lines are caused by presence of surface proteins. It is a flourescent green image

A

infleunza virus

23
Q

What is the viral intracellular life cycle: (5)

A 
Attachment
B entry
C replication and protein synthesis
D assembly
Release
24
Q

In which groups will viral infections be more severe?

A

compromised
extremes of age
preganancy (infections may affect foetus)

25
Q

TRUE OR FALSE
If someone has acute hep B and are symptomatic, this shows the immune system is
fighting off the infection.

A

TRUE

26
Q

acute, persistent, reactivation or latent
Categorise:
measles

A

acute

27
Q

acute, persistent, reactivation or latent
Categorise:
adenovirus

A

persistent

28
Q

acute, persistent, reactivation or latent
Categorise:
herpesvirus family

A

latent

29
Q

acute, persistent, reactivation or latent
Categorise:
cold sores and shingles

A

reactivation

30
Q

acute, persistent, reactivation or latent
Categorise:
mumps

A

acute

31
Q

Where do virus generally lye dormant?

A

dorsal root ganglion

32
Q

What does the adenovirus cause?

A

colds/ conjunctiviits

33
Q

How can the following be transmitted:

shingles, saliva (EBV, HSV, CMV)

A

Contact - including via fomites (inanimate objects  needles/ chair/ desk)

34
Q

How can the following be transmitted:

e.g. influenza, measles, chickenpox

A

respiratory route

35
Q

How can the following be transmitted:

e.g. hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, HIV

A

blood exposure

36
Q

How can the following be transmitted:

e.g. enteroviruses & diarrhoea viruses

A

faecal oral

37
Q

Viral diagnostic techniques:

A 
Traditional techniques (electron microscopy and viral culture) have made way for cutting
edge techniques based on the polymerase chain reaction to detect viral RNA/DNA directly.
38
Q

What viru shas been eliminated from the UK fro 18 months but is coming back?

A

measles

Stage 3 Human Diseases (10 decks)

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