HC chem Flashcards
aliphatics
alkanes CC single bnds
alkenes CC dbl bnds
alkynes CC triple bnds
types of hydrocarbons
aliphatics (aka paraffins)
alicyclics (aka napthenes)
aromatics (aka arenes)
what is an isomer?
compounds w different structure but same molecular formula
geometric isomers?
different geometry
cis. same side
trans. opp side
what is a substituent?
carbon group that branches off the paremt chain.
eg. ch3 is a methyl group
c2h5 is ethyl grp
carbon atoms and root names
1 meth 2 eth 3 prop 4 but 5 pent 6 hex 7 hept 8 oct 9 non 10 deca
iupac rules
parent chain is the longest continous chain
number the alkyl groups
number so the numbers are lowest possible
prefix 2,3,4 di,tri, tetra for multiple branches
diff groups are listed in inc size or alphabetical order
whata re alicyclic HCs
cyclic hydrocarbons w single, dbl or triple bonds
what are aromatic HCs?
alternate CC dble bonds
what are the 3 possible positions for aromatic derivatives
ortho side by side
meta. skip 1
para. opposite
what are the hydrocarbon derivatives?
alcohols ( oxidation/ reduction) aldehydes ketones acids ethers esters
tell me about alcohols?
func grp. -OH
gen formula R-OH
suffix. -ol
tel me about aldehydes?
func. grp -C=O
=O
gen formula. R-C-H
suffix -al
talk about ketones?
func grp. -C=O
=O
gen formula R-C-R’
suffix. -one
talk about acids?
func grp -COOH
=O
gen formula. R-C-OH
suffix. oic acid
