HB AT section 2,2

Question 1

Development dialectic and rhetoric

Answer 1

dialectic developed within contexts of private gatherings where philosophers discussed the nature of reality and mankind, while rhetoric developed within contexts of the public life where citizens delivered speeches regarding judicial and political issues in front of a judging audience.

Question 2

Three forms of dialectic:

Answer 2

• socratic refutation debate
• method of hypothesizing
• method of collection and division

Question 3

socratic refutation debate

Answer 3

Socrates tries to refute the standpoint of his opponent on the basis of concessions made in the questioning process.

Question 4

eristic debate

Answer 4

the answerer may only answer with yes/no, the questioner tries to realise his aims by using, for example, ambiguous terms

Question 5

Method of hypothesizing

Answer 5

aims to show that a standpoint is tenable, and enables discussants to reach the highest state of philosophical knowledge.
- entails looking whether a standpoint/hypothesis is internally consistent, and if this is not the case, altering the standpoint/hypothesis so that it becomes consistent

Question 6

Method of Collection and Division

Answer 6

aimed at arriving at a philosophically adequate definition of a certain term.
the questioner has a didactical role, and does not try to refute points made by the answerer

Question 7

two parts to method of collection and division

Answer 7

the collection: the term that is to be defined is brought together with related terms in order to decide which of the collected terms is the most comprehensive
2. the division: the most comprehensive term is divided into species and subspecies until the discussants have arrived at the term that is to be defined