HAZMAT Exam Flashcards
What are the expectations of awareness level personnel?
Recognize
Protect = isolate area and deny entry
Call = notify necessary personnel and authorities
Secure
Define Hazardous Materials
matter (solid, liquid, or gas) or energy that is capable of creating harm to people, property, and the environment
Define Hazardous Materials (DOT definition)
the DOT uses the term to cover 9 hazard classes
Define Hazardous Substances
EPA term for chemicals that if released above a certain amount must be reported
Define Extremely Hazardous Substances
EPA term for chemicals that must be reported if released above the threshold reporting quantity
Define Toxic Chemicals
EPA term for chemicals whose total emissions or releases must be reported annually
Define Hazardous Wastes
EPA term for chemicals that are regulated under the Resource, Conservation, and Recovery Act
Define Hazardous Chemicals
OSHA term for any chemical that would be a risk to employees if they were exposed in the workplace
Define Highly Hazardous Chemicals
OSHA term for chemicals that are toxic, reactive, flammable, or explosive
Define Dangerous Goods
hazardous materials are called dangerous goods in Canada and in the United Nations codes and regulations
Weapons of Mass Destruction
any destructive device, chemicals, bio hazard, or radiation at a level dangerous to human life
WMD may also be called…
dirty bombs
What are Class One Hazards?
Explosives
What are Class Two Hazards?
Gases
What are Class Three Hazards?
Flammable and combustable liquids
What are Class Four Hazards?
Flammable solids
What are Class Five Hazards?
Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides
What are Class Six Hazards?
Poisons, poison inhalation hazards, and infectious substances
What are Class Seven Hazards?
Radioactive
What are Class Eight Hazards?
Corrosive
What are Class Nine Hazards?
Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials
Define an Explosive Material
A material or mixture that will undergo an extremely fast self-propagation reaction when subjected to energy
What is Division 1.1? Give examples.
Mass Explosion (examples: black powder, dynamite)
What is Division 1.2? Give examples.
Projection Hazard (examples: aerial flares, DET cord)
What is Division 1.3? Give examples.
Fire Hazard (examples: liquid fueled rocket motors, propellant explosives)
What is Division 1.4? Give examples.
Minor Explosion (example: practice ammo, fireworks)
What is Division 1.5? Give examples.
Very Insensitive (examples: prilled ammonium nitrate fertilizer)
What is Division 1.6? Give examples.
Extremely Insensitive (example: explosive squib devices)
Class 1 Divisions Acronym
Many (Mass explosion) People (Projection hazard) Find (Fire hazard) Me (Minor explosion) Very (Very insensitive) Extreme (Extremely insensitive)
What is the major hazard associated with class 2 gases?
BLEVE: boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion
What happens during a BLEVE?
IN A NUTSHELL: if a fire/extreme heat is applied to a container holding liquid, the liquid will turn to gas and the pressure will build until the container explodes.
What is a Division 2.1 hazard? Give an example
Flammable gas (ex. propane)
What is a Division 2.2 hazard? Give examples.
Nonflammable, nonpoisonous, compressed gas/ cryogenic gas (ex. liquid nitrogen, cryogenic argon)
What is a cryogenic gas?
- cryogenic = very low temperatures
- cryogenic gases are vaporized cryogenic liquids, which are cold and have extremely low boiling points
What is a Division 2.3 hazard? Give examples.
Poisonous gas (ex. anhydrous ammonia, chlorine)
What is the major hazard associated with class three hazards?
They burn readily
What is the definition of a flammable liquid? Give examples.
A liquid having a flash point of less than or equal to 140 degrees F (examples: gasoline, acetone, and methyl alcohol)
What is the definition of a combustible liquid?
A liquid with flash points between 100-200 degrees F (examples: diesel fuel, kerosene, mineral oil, peanut oil, No. 6 fuel oil)
What is the major hazard associated with Class 4 hazards?
Rapid and spontaneous combustion with a release of toxic smoke.
What is a Division 4.1 hazard?
Includes three types of flammable solids:
- Wetted/Desensitized Explosives
- Self-Reactive Materials
- Readily Combustible Solids
What are Wetted/Desensitized Explosives (4.1)? Give examples.
Explosive properties suppressed by wetting with sufficient alcohol plasticizers or water
What are Self-Reactive Materials (4.1)? Give an example.
materials liable to undergo a strong exothermic decomposition (ex. zirconium powder)
What are Readily Combustible Solids (4.1)?
solids or powders that can be ignited (ex. magnesium)
What is a Division 4.2 hazard? What are examples?
Spontaneously combustable materials, to include:
- Pyrophoric Material
- Self Heating Material
examples: aluminum alkyls, charcoal briquettes, magnesium alkyls, and phosphorus
What is Pyrophoric Material?
can ignite within 5 min of coming into contact with air
What is a Self Heating Material?
a material that, when in contact with air, is able to self heat
What is a Division 4.3 hazard? Examples?
Dangerous When Wet Materials, which can become spontaneously flammable or give off flammable or toxic gas when wet.
Examples: magnesium powder, potassium metal alloys, and sodium hydride
What is a Division 5.1 hazard?
They are OXIDIZERS, which support combustion and intensify fires by yielding oxygen.
What is a Division 5.2 hazard?
They are ORGANIC PEROXIDES and the hazard is that they are unstable/reactive explosives
What is an Organic Peroxide?
any organic compound containing oxygen in the bivalent structure that may be considered a derivative of hydrogen peroxide, where one or more of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals. Materials are assigned to one of seven types:
Describe Division 5.2 Type A
can detonate/deflagrate rapidly as packaged. TRANSPORT IS PROHIBITED.
Describe Division 5.2 Type B
Neither detonates nor deflagrates rapidly, but can undergo a thermal explosion.
Describe Division 5.2 Type C
Neither detonates nor deflagrates rapidly and cannot undergo thermal explosion
Describe Division 5.2 Type D
Detonates partially/deflagrates slowly, with medium to no effect when heated
Describe Division 5.2 Type E
Won’t detonate/deflagrate, low/no effect when heated
Describe Division 5.2 Type F
won’t detonate/deflagrate, low/no effect if heated and low/no explosive power
Describe Division 5.2 Type G
won’t detonate/deflagrate, no effect if heated, no explosive power, thermally stable and is a desensitized acid
What is the major hazard associated with class 6 materials?
toxic and infectious
What is a Division 6.1 hazard? Examples?
a poisonous material other than a gas. examples: aniline arsenic compounds, carbon tetrachloride, tear gas, and hydrocyanic acid
What is a Division 6.2 hazard? Examples?
In infectious substance that can cause disease in humans and animals to include: a pathogen, virus, micro-organism, prion, etc
examples: anthrax, hep B, rabies, tetanus
What is the major hazard associated with class 7 materials?
radioactive burns
What is the definition of radioactive materials (class 7)?
any material containing radionuclides where both the activity concentration and the total activity in the consignment exceed specified values (example: yellow cake)
What is the major hazard associated with Class 8 materials? Examples?
burns/emulsification skin damage. examples: nitric acid phosphorus trichloride, sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid
What defines a corrosive?
a liquid or solid that causes full-thickness destruction of skin at the site of contact within a specified period of time
What is the definition of a Class 9 hazard?
a material that presents a hazard during transport but that is not included in another hazard class that could cause extreme annoyance or discomfort to a flight crew member so as to prevent performance of assigned duties
Define ORM-D
Other Regulated Material Domestic: a material that presents a limited hazard during transportation due to its form, quantity, and packaging.
What are the 7 indicators of HAZMAT?
- occupancy types, locations, pre-incident surveys
- container shapes
- placards, labels and markings
- other markings and colors
- written resources
- senses
- monitoring and detection devices
What is the purpose of Pre-Incident Plans?
provides guidance to allow responders to make quick and accurate decisions during hazmat incidents
Illegal lab locations include:
vehicles, campgrounds, hotel rooms
When do we use placards vs labels?
Placards are for bulk packaging and labels are for nonbulk.
Where can you find the UN/NA number of a substance?
- the Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) provides a key to the four-digit identification
- the shipping papers
What are the six types of energy release?
- heat
- mechanical
- pressure
- electricity
- chemical
- radiation
What are the mechanisms of harm?
- energy release
- corrosivity
- toxicity
- be aware of sudden change in conditions: pressure, temp, fire
What are the protective measures of awareness level responders?
- avoid becoming a victim
- remember you most likely do not have respiratory protection or personal protective clothing
What are the Isolation/Protection Actions?
- establish isolation perimeter
- deny entry
- evacuate/shelter in place
What are the types of Hazmat exposures?
Acute (single exposure within a short time) and Chronic (long term and recurring)
What are the effects of Hazmat exposures?
- Acute Effects: short term effects that appear within hours to minutes or days
- Chronic Effects: long term effects may take years to appear, such as cancer
- Delayed effects: doesn’t hurt the body right away, can occur hours or days later
What information will you have when using pipelines?
good question..
