Hazmat Chapter 37

Question 1

NFPA 1072 defines _________ as “the procedures, techniques, and methods used in the mitigation of hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction (WMD) incidents, including containment, extinguishment, and confinement.”

Answer 1

Control

Question 2

_________ refers to actions that stop the hazardous material from leaking or escaping its container.

Answer 2

Containment

Question 3

________ is the process whereby a spongy material (soil or loose absorbents such as vermiculite, clay, or peat moss) or specially designed spill pads are used to soak up a liquid hazardous material.

Answer 3

Absorption

Question 4

________ minimizes the spread of liquid spills, but it is effective only on flat surfaces.

Answer 4

Absorption

Question 5

What are two drawbacks to using absorption techniques?

Answer 5

1. Being in close proximity to the spilled material.

2. Adding volume to the spill.

Question 6

The opposite of absorption is _________ .

Answer 6

Adsorption

Question 7

In ________, the contaminant adheres to the surface of an added material.

Answer 7

Adsorption

Question 8

________ is a containment technique that is used when liquid is flowing in a natural channel or depression and its progress can be stopped by blocking the channel.

Answer 8

Damming

Question 9

A ______ ______ is placed across a small stream or ditch to completely stop the flow of materials through the channel.

Answer 9

Complete Dam

Question 10

A ______ dam is used to contain materials heavier than water (specific gravity > 1).

Answer 10

Overflow

Question 11

An _________ dam is used to contain materials lighter than water (specific gravity < 1).

Answer 11

Underflow

Question 12

________ is the placement of a selected material such as sand, dirt, loose absorbent, or concrete to form a barrier that will keep a hazardous material (in liquid form) from entering an unwanted area or to hold the material in a specific location.

Answer 12

Diking

Question 13

______ is the addition of water or another substance to weaken the strength or concentration of a hazardous material (typically a corrosive).

Answer 13

Dilution

Question 14

______ techniques in general are intended to redirect the flow of a liquid away from an endangered area to an area where it will have less impact.

Answer 14

Diversion

Question 15

______ is the process of creating a defined area to hold hazardous materials.

Answer 15

Retention

Question 16

A protective action that should always be considered–especially with transportation emergencies or incidents at fixed facilities–is the identification and isolation of the ______ _______ ______-______.

Answer 16

Remote Valve shut-off

Question 17

What class poisons do MC-306/DOT 406 carry?

Answer 17

Class B Poisons

Question 18

How many gallons of product at atmospheric pressure can an MC-306/DOT 406 cargo tank carries?

Answer 18

9200 gallons

Question 19

MC-307/DOT 407 carries chemicals that are transported at low pressure, such as flammable and combustible liquids as well as mild corrosives and poisons. How many gallons or product can they carry?

Answer 19

7000 gallons

Question 20

_____-____ cargo tanks carry compressed liquefied gases such as anhydrous ammonia, propane, butane, and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).

Answer 20

MC-331

Question 21

MC-331 cargo tanks have a carrying capacity between _____ and _____ gallons.

Answer 21

2,500; 11,500

Question 22

Typically, the shut-off valves on MC-331 tanks are located where?

Answer 22

One side of the container near the discharge end

Question 23

_______ ________ is the process of lowering the concentration of vapors by spreading the vapors out.

Answer 23

Vapor dispersion

Question 24

______ ______ is the process of controlling fumes or vapors that are given off by certain materials, particularly flammable liquids, to prevent ignition.

Answer 24

Vapor suppression

Question 25

What percent concentrations can aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) be used at?

Answer 25

1%, 3%, or 6% concentration

Question 26

What kind of foam is designed to form a blanket over spilled flammable liquids to suppress vapors or on actively burning pools of flammable liquids?

Answer 26

Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)

Question 27

_______ _______-_______ ______ can be used at 1 percent, 3 percent, or 6 percent concentration.

Answer 27

Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)

Question 28

______-______ _______ have properties like AFFF, except that they are formulated so that alcohols such as methyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol and other polar solvents will not dissolve the foam. (Regular protein foams cannot be used on these types of products.)

Answer 28

Alcohol-resistant concentrates

Question 29

________ ________ contains protein products mixed with synthetic fluorinated surfactants.

Answer 29

Fluoroprotein foam

Question 30

______ _____ rapidly spread over the fuel, ensuring fire knockdown and vapor suppression. These foams, like many of the synthetic foam concentrates and other types of special-purpose foams, are resistant to polar solvents such as alcohols, ketones, and ethers.

Answer 30

Fluoroprotein foam

Question 31

_____ _____ concentrates are made from hydrolyzed proteins (animal byproducts), along with stabilizers and preservatives.

Answer 31

Protein foam

Question 32

_____ _____ are types of foams are very stable and possess good expansion properties. They are quite durable and resistant to reignition when used on Class B fires or spills involving nonpolar substances such as gasoline, toluene, oil, and kerosene.

Answer 32

Protein foam

Question 33

_____-______ ______ is used when large volumes of foam are required for spills or fires in warehouses, tank farms, and hazardous waste facilities.

Answer 33

High-expansion foam

Question 34

What kind of foam is not uncommon to have a yield of more than 1000 gallons of finished foam from every gallon of foam concentration used?

Answer 34

High-expansion foam

Question 35

________ is the process of applying a material that will soak up and hold a hazardous material in a sponge-like manner for the collection and subsequent disposal.

Answer 35

Absorption

Question 36

________ is the process in which a contaminant adheres to the surface of an added material-such as silica or activated carbon-rather than combining with it (as an absorption).

Answer 36

Adsorption

Question 37

______-_______ _______ _______ is a concentrate used for fighting fires on water-soluble materials and other fuels destructive to regular, AFFF, or FFFP foams, as well as for fires involving hydrocarbons.

Answer 37

Alcohol-resistant foam concentrate

Question 38

______ ______-______ ______ is a concentrate based on fluorinated surfactants pls foam stabilizers to produce a fluid aqueous film for suppressing hydrocarbon fuel vapors and usually diluted with water to a 1 percent, 3 percent, or 6 percent solution.

Answer 38

Aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF)

Question 39

______ are the procedures taken to keep a material, once released, in a defined or local area.

Answer 39

Confinement

Question 40

______ are the actions taken to keep a material in its container (e.g., stop a release of the material or reduce the amount being released).

Answer 40

Containment

Question 41

______ are the procedures, techniques, and methods used in the mitigation of hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction (WMD) incidents, including containment, extinguishment, and confinement.

Answer 41

Control

Question 42

_______ is the product-control process used when liquid is flowing in a natural channel or depression, and its progress can be stopped by constructing a barrier to block the flow.

Answer 42

Damming

Question 43

_____ is the placement of materials to form a barrier that will keep a hazardous material in liquid form from entering an area or that will hold the material in an area.

Answer 43

Diking

Question 44

_____ is the process of adding a substance-usually water-to weaken the concentration of another substance.

Answer 44

Dilution

Question 45

______ is the process of redirecting spilled or leaking material to an area where it will have less impact.

Answer 45

Diversion

Question 46

______ is a protein-based foam concentrate to which fluorochemical surfactants have been added.

Answer 46

Fluoroprotein foam

Question 47

____-_____ _____ a foam created by pumping large volumes of air through a small screen coated with a foam solution.

Answer 47

High-expansion foam

Question 48

_____ _____ is a protein-based foam concentrate that is stabilized with metal salts to make a fire-resistant foam blanket.

Answer 48

Protein foam

Question 49

______ ______ is the stage of a hazardous materials incident after imminent danger has passed, when clean-up and the return to normalcy have begun.

Answer 49

Recovery phase

Question 50

_____ _____ ______-______ is a type of valve that may be found at fixed facilities utilizing chemical processes or piped systems that carry chemicals.

Answer 50

Remote valve shut-off

Question 51

______ is the process of purposefully collecting hazardous materials in a defined area.

Answer 51

Retention

Question 52

_____ _____ is the process of lowering the concentration of vapors by spreading them out, typically with a water for from a hose line.

Answer 52

Vapor dispersion

Question 53

_____ _____ is the process of controlling vapors given off by hazardous materials, thereby preventing vapor ignition, by covering the product with foam or other material or by reducing the temperature of the material.

Answer 53

Vapor suppression