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Hazmat > Chapter 33 > Flashcards

Chapter 33 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the TLV/STEL?

A

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE/SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT

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2
Q

What is the TLV/TWA?

A

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE/TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE

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3
Q

What is PEL?

A

PERMISSABLE EXPOSURE LIMIT

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4
Q

What is TLV?

A

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE

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5
Q

What is TLV/C?

A

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE/CEILING

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6
Q

What is REL?

A

RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LIMIT

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7
Q

What kind of respirator removes specific air contaminants by passing ambient air through one or more air purification components?

A

AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR (APR)

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8
Q

What does “CBRN” mean?

A

CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR

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9
Q

What type of clothing (suit fabrics) that are specifically designed to inhibit or resist the passage of chemicals into and through the material by the processes of penetration, permeation, or degradation?

A

CHEMICAL-RESISTANT MATERIALS

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10
Q

What kind of self-contained breathing apparatus that is designed to recycle the user’s exhaled air? This system removes carbon dioxide and generates fresh oxygen.

A

CLOSED-CIRCUIT SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING APPARATUS

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11
Q

What is the process of transferring a hazardous material, or the hazardous component of a weapon of mass destruction (WMD), from its source to people, animals, the environment, or equipment, which can act as a carrier?

A

CONTAMINATION

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12
Q

What is the physical and/or chemical process of reducing and preventing the spread and effects of contaminants to people, animals, the environment, or equipment, involved at hazardous materials/weapons of mass destruction (WMD) incidents?

A

DECONTAMINATION

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13
Q

What is the area usually located within the warm zone where decontamination is performed?

A

DECONTAMINATION CORRIDOR

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14
Q

What is the chemical reaction involving the molecular breakdown of a protective clothing material or equipment due to contact with a chemical?

A

DEGRADATION

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15
Q

What is the policy under which, once the perimeter around a release site has been identified and marked out, responders limit access to all but essential personnel?

A

DENIAL OF ENTRY

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16
Q

What is the process of immediately reducing contamination of individuals in potentially life-threatening situations with or without the formal establishment of a decontamination corridor?

A

EMERGENCY DECONTAMINATION

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17
Q

What is the removal or relocation of those individuals who may be affected by an approaching release of a hazardous material?

A

EVACUATION

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18
Q

What is a phase of the decontamination process where significant reduction of the amount of surface contamination takes place as soon as possible, most often accomplished by mechanical removal of the contaminant or initial rinsing from handheld hose lines, emergency showers, or other nearby sources of water?

A

GROSS DECONTAMINATION

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19
Q

What is a type of personal protective equipment that shields the wearer during short-term exposures to high temperatures?

A

HIGH-TEMPERATURE-PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

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20
Q

What is sometimes referred to as a “proximity suit”, this type of equipment allows the properly trained fire fighter to work in extreme fire conditions. It is not designed to protect against hazardous materials or weapons of mass destruction.

A

HIGH-TEMPERATURE-PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

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21
Q

What are steps taken to identify a perimeter around a contaminated atmosphere? Isolating an area is driven largely by the nature of the released chemicals and the environmental conditions that exist at the time of the release.

A

ISOLATION OF THE HAZARD AREA

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22
Q

What level personal protective equipment that provides protection against vapors, gases, mists, and even dusts? This is the highest level of protection and requires total encapsulating suit that includes a self-contained breathing apparatus.

A

LEVEL A ENSEMBLE

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23
Q

What level personal protective equipment that is used when the type and atmospheric concentration of substances require a high level of respiratory protection but less skin protection? The kinds of gloves and boots worn depend on the identified chemical.

A

LEVEL B ENSEMBLE

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24
Q

What level personal protective equipment that is used when the type of airborne substance is known, the concentration is measured, the criteria for using an air-purifying respirator are met, and ski and eye exposure are unlikely. This level ensemble consists of standard work clothing with the addition of chemical-protective clothing, chemically resistant gloves, and a form of respiratory protection.

A

LEVEL C ENSEMBLE

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25
Q

What level personal protective equipment that is used when the atmosphere contains no known hazard, and work functions preclude splashes, immersion, or the potential for unexpected inhalation of or contact with hazardous levels of chemicals. This level ensemble is primarily a work uniform that includes coveralls and affords minimal protection.

A

LEVEL D ENSEMBLE

26
Q

What type of clothing is designed to protect the wearer from chemical splashes. It does not provide total body protection from gases or vapors and should not be used for incidents involving liquids that emit vapors known to affect or be absorbed through the skin.

A

LIQUID SPLASH-PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

27
Q

What is the NFPA performance document that is pertaining to liquid-splash garments and ensembles?

A

NFPA 1992

28
Q

What is the physical process of reducing or removing surface contaminants from large numbers of victims in potentially life-threatening situations in the fastest time possible?

A

MASS DECONTAMINATION

29
Q

What is the movement of a material through a suit’s closures, such as zippers, buttonholes, seams, flaps, or other design features of chemical-protective clothing and through punctures, cuts, and tears?

A

PENETRATION

30
Q

What is the chemical action involving the movement of chemicals, on a molecular level, through intact material?

A

PERMEATION

31
Q

What is the established standard limit of exposure to a hazardous material? It is based on the maximum time-weighted concentration at which 95 percent of exposed, healthy adults suffer no adverse effects over a 40-hour workweek.

A

PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT (PEL)

32
Q

What is an air-purifying respirator that uses a powered blower to force the ambient air through one or more air-purifying components to the respiratory inlet covering?

A

POWERED AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATOR (PAPR)

33
Q

What is a value established by NIOSH that is comparable to OSHA’s permissible exposure limit (PEL) and the threshold limit value/time-weighted average (TLV/TWA)? This measures the maximum time-weighted concentration of material to which 95 percent of healthy adults can be exposed without suffering any adverse effects over a 40-hour workweek.

A

RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LEVEL (REL)

34
Q

What is the process by which a contaminant is carried out of the hot zone and contaminates people, animals, the environment, or equipment? Also referred to as “cross-contamination”.

A

SECONDARY CONTAMINATION

35
Q

What is a method of safeguarding people located near or in a hazardous area by keeping them in a safe atmosphere, usually inside structures?

A

SHELTERING-IN-PLACE

36
Q

What kind of respirator is an atmosphere-supplying respirator for which the source of breathing air is not designed to be carried by the user? This is also known as an “air-line respirator”.

A

SUPPLIED-AIR RESPIRATOR (SAR)

37
Q

What is the planned and systematic process of reducing contamination to a level that is as low as reasonably achievable?

A

TECHNICAL DECONTAMINATION

38
Q

What is the garment portion of a chemical-protective clothing ensemble that is designed and configured to protect the wearer against chemical vapors or gases?

A

VAPOR-PROTECTIVE CLOTHING

39
Q

What group is known as “ACGIH”?

A

AMERICAN CONFERENCE OF GOVERNMENTAL INDUSTRIAL HYGIENISTS

40
Q

What is the maximum concentration of a hazardous material that a person can be exposed to in 15-minute intervals, up to four times per day, without experiencing irritation or chronic or irreversible tissue damage?

A

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE/SHORT-TERM EXPOSURE LIMIT (TLV/STEL)

41
Q

What is the maximum airborne concentration of material that a worker could be exposed to for 8 hours a day, 40 hours a week, with no ill effects?

A

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE/TIME-WEIGHTED AVERAGE (TLV/TWA)

42
Q

What is the maximum concentration of a hazardous material that a worker should not be exposed to, even for an instant?

A

THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE/CEILING (TLV/C)

43
Q

What are the three types of IDLH atmospheres that are distinguished in regards to HAZMAT?

A

TOXIC, FLAMMABLE, AND OXYGEN DEFICIENT

44
Q

What color designation is assigned for an environment that could be considered low hazard and low risk?

A

GREEN

45
Q

What color designation is assigned for environments that are transitional, whereby the hazard is increasing, and some level of PPE is required (at least splash protection and some level of respiratory protection)?

A

YELLOW

46
Q

What color designation is assigned for environments are those that pose a high hazard and high risk; therefore, you must wear the highest level of skin and respiratory protection? An exposure to unprotected skin and/or lungs could be fatal.

A

RED

47
Q

What kind of atmosphere has no harmful hazardous materials effects exist, so personnel can handle routine emergencies without donning specialized PPE.

A

SAFE ATMOSPHERE

48
Q

What kind of atmosphere is considered to having a hazardous material that is no longer contained and has created an unsafe condition or atmosphere? A person who is exposed to the material for long enough may experience some form of acute or chronic injury?

A

UNSAFE ATMOSPHERE

49
Q

What kind of atmosphere is serious, irreversible injury or death may occur in the environment without PPE?

A

DANGEROUS ATMOSPHERE

50
Q

What is the distance at which all persons should be considered for evacuation in all directions?

A

INITIAL ISOLATION

51
Q

What is the downwind distance over which some form of protective actions might be required?

A

PROTECTIVE DISTANCE

52
Q

Which NFPA guideline is “the Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensembles for Hazardous Materials Emergencies and CBRN Terrorism Incidents”?

A

NFPA 1991

53
Q

Which NFPA guideline is “the Standard on Liquid Splash-Protective Ensembles and Clothing for Hazardous Materials Emergencies” and covers a different type of chemical-protective garment?

A

NFPA 1992

54
Q

Which NFPA guideline is the “Standard on Protective Ensembles for First Responders to Hazardous Materials Emergencies and CBRN Terrorism Incidents”?

A

NFPA 1994

55
Q

What kind of gear is a level above structural fire fighter’s gear?

A

HIGH-TEMPERATURE-PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

56
Q

What is at lowest level of the PPE spectrum?

A

NORMAL STREET CLOTHING OR WORK UNIFORMS

57
Q

What is one level above normal street clothing or work uniforms in regards to the PPE spectrum?

A

STRUCTURAL FIREFIGHTING GEAR

58
Q

What is the first priority for all responders at a HAZMAT incident scene?

A

TO ENSURE THEIR OWN SAFETY WHILE OPERATING AT THE SCENE

59
Q

What should hazardous materials/WMD incident response priorities be based upon?

A

THE NEED TO PROTECT AND/OR REDUCE THE THREAT TO LIFE, PROPERTY, CRITICAL SYSTEMS, AND THE ENVIRONMENT

60
Q

What are the four possible immediate protective actions that should take place?

A

ISOLATION OF THE HAZARD AREA
DENIAL OF ENTRY
EVACUATION
OR SHELTERING IN PLACE

61
Q

What should the decision to act at a hazardous materials/WMD incident be based on?

A

SHOULD BE BASED ON THE CONCEPT OF RISK VERSUS BENEFIT

Hazmat (9 decks)

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