Hazburn Flashcards
What are the two types of reactions in physiological response of asthma?
Early reaction (immediate bronchoconstriction) and delayed reaction (2-8hrs)
In early reaction (of asthma), antigen binding to ____ triggers histamines, typtase, LTC&D4, and prostoglandins from ____________
In early reaction (of asthma), antigen binding to IgE triggers histamines, typtase, LTC&D4, and prostoglandins from mast cells (leukotrienes)
Crosslinking by the antigen leads to ____ _____ __________, where IgE is bound to ____
Crosslinking by the antigen leads to mast cell degranulation, where IgE is bound to FcER
What is the genetic factor involved in goblet cell hyperplasia?
R576 polymorphism in the IL-4 alpha receptor
Where are the sites of disease in COPD vs Asthma?
(Proximal vs Peripheral)
COPD- Peripheral airway
Asthma- Proximal airway
What cells are involved in asthma vs COPD?
(Neutrophil, Eosinophile, TH1, TH2)
COPD- Neutrophils, TH1
Asthma- Eosinophils, TH2
Explain the pathway for ENaC mediating Na influx.
In normal cells, CFTR has a negative signal loop for ENaC mediating Na influx. In CF, CFTR is absent resulting in an increased water, sodium and Cl uptake in cells leading to dehydration of mucus.
State circled structures and if SABA or LABA
A. Salmeterol (Severent)
B. Terbutaline (Brethine)
C. Albuterol (Ventolin)
D. Foradil (Brovana)
Albuterol (Ventolin)
Alcohol phenyl ring, salicylic alcohol, and T-butyl. (optimal Beta-2 selectivity)
SABA
State structure and if SABA or LABA
A. Salmeterol (Severent)
B. Terbutaline (Brethine)
C. Albuterol (Ventolin)
D. Foradil (Brovana)
Terbutaline (Brethine)
t-butyl (more potent Beta-2 selectivity and increased palpatations)
SABA
State circled chemical structure and SABA or LABA
State circled structures and if SABA or LABA
A. Salmeterol (Severent)
B. Terbutaline (Brethine)
C. Albuterol (Ventolin)
D. Foradil (Brovana)
Foradil (Brovana)
Formoterol (increased lipophilicity, high receptor affinity, and resistant to MAO and COMT)
LABA
State structure and if SABA or LABA
A. Salmeterol (Severent)
B. Terbutaline (Brethine)
C. Albuterol (Ventolin)
D. Foradil (Brovana)
Salmeterol (Severent)
Greater water solubility and moderate lipophilicity
Resistant to MAO and COMT
LABA
Name and info
Xanthine
Block A1R pathway and PDE 4
Increases cAMP to lead to relaxation
Leukotriene or Mast Degranulation Inhibitor?
A. Montelukast sodium (Singulair)
B. Cromolyn sodium (Intal)
C. Zileuton (Zyflo)
D. Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Zileuton (Zyflo)
Leukotriene Modifier
Inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase
AE: doubled blood levels of theophylline
Leukotriene or Mast Degranulation Inhibitor?
A. Montelukast sodium (Singulair)
B. Cromolyn sodium (Intal)
C. Nedocromil sodium (Tilade)
C. Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Leukotriene inhibitor
Leukotriene or Mast Degranulation Inhibitor?
A. Montelukast sodium (Singulair)
B. Cromolyn sodium (Intal)
C. Nedocromil sodium (Tilade)
C. Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Montelukast sodium (Singulair)
Selective/competitive inhibitor of CysLT-1 receptor and inhibits late phase bronchoconstriction
Leukotriene inhibitor
Leukotriene or Mast Degranulation Inhibitor?
A. Montelukast sodium (Singulair)
B. Cromolyn sodium (Intal)
C. Nedocromil sodium (Tilade)
C. Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Cromolyn Sodium (Intal)
Mast Degranulation Inhibitor
Leukotriene or Mast Degranulation Inhibitor?
A. Montelukast sodium (Singulair)
B. Cromolyn sodium (Intal)
C. Nedocromil sodium (Tilade)
C. Zafirlukast (Accolate)
Nedocromil sodium (Tilade)
Mase Degranulation Inhibitor
SAMA or LAMA or LABA
A. Ipratropium (Altrovent)
B. Tiotropium (Spiriva)
C. Indacaterol (Arcapta)
D. Ivacaftor (Kalydeco)
Ipratropium (Altrovent)
Quaternary ammonium limits systemic absorption
SAMA
SAMA or LAMA or LABA
A. Ipratropium (Altrovent)
B. Tiotropium (Spiriva)
C. Indacaterol (Arcapta)
D. Ivacaftor (Kalydeco)
Tiotropium (Spiriva)
Quaternary ammonium limits systemic absorption
LAMA
SAMA or LAMA or LABA
A. Ipratropium (Altrovent)
B. Tiotropium (Spiriva)
C. Indacaterol (Arcapta)
D. Ivacaftor (Kalydeco)
Indacaterol (Arcapta)
LABA
