hazards

Question 1

what is a disaster?

Answer 1

when a hazard causes a significant impact on a vulnerable population, serious, widespread social, economic, environmental losses exceeding the ability of the community to cope

Question 2

what is a hazard?

Answer 2

perceived natural/ geophysical event that has the potential to threaten life and property

Question 3

what is resilience?

Answer 3

ability of a community to cope with and recover from the effects of a hazard in a timely and efficient manner, including through the preservation and restoration of its essential basic structures

Question 4

what is a risk?

Answer 4

probability of a hazard occurring creating loss of life and/or livelihoods

Question 5

what is a risk assessment?

Answer 5

likelihood of damage and harm and the anticipation of the type and scale of these

Question 6

what is vulnerability?

Answer 6

reduced capacity of an individual or group to anticipate, cope with, resist and recover form the impact of a natural or man-made hazard

Question 7

what hazard categories are there?

Answer 7

geophysical, hydrological, atmospheric, geomorphic, biohazards

Question 8

what is a geophysical hazard?

Answer 8

all tectonic hazards

Question 9

what is a hydrological hazard?

Answer 9

water/ weather extreme

Question 10

what is a atmospheric hazard?

Answer 10

storms

Question 11

what is a geomorphic hazard?

Answer 11

changes in land shape

Question 12

what is a biohazard?

Answer 12

associated with plant and animal life

Question 13

what is an example of a geophysical hazard?

Answer 13

earthquake, tsunami

Question 14

what is an example of a hydrological hazard?

Answer 14

drought, flood

Question 15

what is an example of atmospheric hazard?

Answer 15

tropical storm, extra-tropical storm (over UK)

Question 16

what is an example of geomorphic hazard?

Answer 16

landslide

Question 17

what is an example of a biohazard?

Answer 17

wildfire

Question 18

what were event profiles of the Asian Tsunami 2004

Answer 18

-large magnitude with a quick speed of onset
-short duration
-predictable, but rare
-large areal extent
-large, quickly happened and finished

Question 19

what were the event profiles of Kilauea eruptions since 1983?

Answer 19

-small magnitude
-continuous, frequent, predictable
-limited areal extent
-small, but continuous

Question 20

what are economic factors of hazards?

Answer 20

-poverty, means there is less money to have safer infrastructure, as well as less amount of doctors, resulting in more deaths
-inequality, means that there is/ could be less safe communal spaces for them

Question 21

what are social factors of hazards?

Answer 21

-stronger houses, less deaths however if strong enough the hazard could potentially cause damage with debris
-population growing, more people to keep safe

Question 22

what are political factors of hazards?

Answer 22

-conflict means that there will be less worry about hazards
-by having a strong and organised government, it means that there is more protection and safety plans put in place, saving lives

Question 23

what are technological factors of hazards?

Answer 23

-good technology means that more predictions can be made before the hazard occurs, giving people time to prepare for it
-if a country has bad communication it means that less people could be warned about hazards, therefore increasing the risk

Question 24

what hazard response models are there?

Answer 24

the park model
hazard management cycle

Question 25

how does the park model show a hazard?

Answer 25

-predisaster, before the event, the situation is normal -disruption, during and directly after the hazard event occurs -relief, aftermath of the event -rehabilitation, once immediate impacts under control -reconstruction, involves rebuilding permanent houses, infrastructure

Question 26

what are the four stages of the hazard management cycle?

Answer 26

-mitigation, minimising the impacts of future disasters -preparedness, planning how to respond to a hazard -response, how people react when a disaster occurs -recovery, getting the affected area back to normal

Question 27

how do people's circumstances affect their perception of hazard?

Answer 27

wealth, religion, education, past experience, personality

Question 28

how does wealth affect perception of hazard?

Answer 28

richer people can afford to move to areas that are less prone to hazards/ build homes to withstand hazards, perceiving risk as smaller

Question 29

how does religion affect perception of hazard?

Answer 29

some people view hazards as acts of god, punishing people

Question 30

how does education affect perception of hazard?

Answer 30

people with more education may have a better understanding of risks of hazards, reducing risks or mitigate impacts

Question 31

how does past experience affect perception of hazard?

Answer 31

people who live in hazard prone areas may have experienced hazards before, may affect perceived risk from future hazards

Question 32

how does personality affect perception of hazard?

Answer 32

some people fear hazards and others might think of them as exciting