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Engineer Test 2016 > Hazardous materials > Flashcards

Hazardous materials Flashcards

0
Q

Cryogenic intermodal tanks (IMO type 7)

A

Working pressures: low - 600 psi
Materials: Carry cryogenic materials that have temperature less then -150F (liquified O2, Helium, Nitrogen)

p50

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1
Q

List 9 DOT Classifications:

EGFFOTRCM

A
  1. Explosives
  2. Gases
  3. Flammable liquids
  4. Flammable solids
  5. Oxidizing substances
  6. Toxic / infectious substances
  7. Radioactive materials
  8. Corrosive substances
  9. Miscellaneous hazardous materials
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2
Q

When implementing a response, what does the acronym SIN stand for?

A

Safety
Isolate
Notify

p111

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3
Q

Wet clothing extracts heat from the body ____times faster then dry clothing. This could lead to hypothermia, a condition in which the core body temp. falls below _______F.

A

240; 95 degrees F

p120

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4
Q

What is a personal dosimeter?

A

A tool used to measure the amount of radioactive exposure received by an individual.

p148

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5
Q

According to NIOSH, The exposure limits are as follows: IDLH,STEL,and REL all stand for what?

A

Immediately dangerous to life and health
Short term exposure limits - 15 min exposure no more 4 times a day
Recommended exposure limits-10 hour exposure

p167

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6
Q

Flammable ranges of Common Gases:
Hydrogen 4.0 - 75%
Natural Gas 5.0 - 15%
Propane 2.5 - 9.0%

A

p24

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7
Q

Terrorism is also classified by 3 diff types:

A

Ecoterrorism - Groups supporting environmental related causes
Agroterrorism - Use of chemical or biological against the agricultural industry
Cyberterrorism - Cyber attacks on government, industrial, and private computer systems.

p137

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8
Q

Why do you never neutralize chemicals on human skin?

A

Heat and toxic gasses may generate when acids and bases are neutralized.

p228

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9
Q

What does the DECIDE model stand for?

A 
D etect hazardous material 
E stimate likely harm without intervention 
C hoose response objectives 
I   dentify action options 
D o best option 
E valuate progress

p111

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10
Q

Pressure intermodal tanks (IMO type 5)

A

Working Pressures: 100 - 600 psi
Materials: liquified compressed gasses (propane and butane )

p50

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11
Q

EVADE acronym can be used to help responders critically think about the prescience of secondary devices. What does it stand for?

A 
Evaluate the scene 
Visually scan for secondary devices 
Avoid touching or moving anything that can conceal device 
Designate scene control zones 
Evacuate victims

p77

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12
Q

MC-338 Cryogenic tank

A

Traits: Boxlike structure, contains control valves; similar to a Dewar
* has a relief valve that will emit small puffs of white vapor as relief valve functions, this is normal.

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13
Q

TRACEMP is an acronym used to classify damages caused by a terrorist attack or hazmat incident, what does it stand for?

A 
T - Thermal 
R - Radiological 
A - Asphyxiation 
C - Chemical 
E - Etiological -  caused by bloodborne pathogens 
M - Mechanical 
P - Psychogenic

P32

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14
Q

STP - Standard temperature and pressure

A

Ideal testing environment for a variety of chemical and physical processes.

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15
Q

IM-101 Portable Tanks (IMO type 1)

A

Capacity: 6300 gallons
Wking Pressures: 25.4 - 100 psi
Materials: Carry mild corrosives, food-grade products, and flammable liquids

p50

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16
Q

Bulk storage containers Hold…

A

Liquids greater than 119 gallon
Bulk packaging with net mass greater then 882 pounds
Gases greater then 100lbs water capacity

p49

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17
Q

Most of the instruments used in fire scene detection can be damaged in temperatures above 100 degrees F.

A

p170

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18
Q

What are 3 methods for manufacturing methamphetamines?

A

Red P- Red Phosphorus lab - traditional method
Anyhydrous ammonia- Faster, requires little knowledge
P2P Phenyl-2-propanone-yields lower quality

p304

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19
Q

Chlorine gas is _____ times heavier then air.

A

2.5

p22

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20
Q 
Signal Words relative toxicity of a material:
Danger-Poison
Danger 
Warning 
Caution
A 
Danger-Poison = Highly toxic by all routes of entry 
Danger = Sever eye damage or skin irritation 
Warning = Moderately toxic 
Caution = Minor toxicity and minor eye damage or skin irritation
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21
Q

MC-331 Pressure Cargo tank

A

Traits: Rounded ends, looks like a pill
Capacity: 1,000 - 11,000 gallons
Working pressures: Internal 250 psi / max 300 psi
Materials: Ammonia, propane, freon, butane
* High risk BLEVE, relief valve operated at 110% of max working pressure.

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22
Q

True or False
Alpha particles have weight and mass; as a consequence, they can not travel very far (less then a few inches) from the nucleus of the atom.

A

True

p29

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23
Q

V-agent is the only Nerve agent considered Persistent because ?

A

It has low vapor pressure and will not evaporate quickly.

p143

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24
Q

MC-312 /DOT 412 (Corrosives cargo tank)

A

Traits: Heavy duty reinforced rings around the tank; smaller diameter
Capacity: 6,000 gallons
Wking Pressures: 15 - 25 psi
Materials: Corrosives ( Sulfuric acid, phosheric acid, sodium hydroxide)

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25
Q

Chemical reactivity

A

Also know as Chemical Change - Describes the ability of a substance to undergo a transformation at the molecular level, usually with the release of some form of energy.

p21

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26
Q

What is the flashpoint of Diesel?

A

120-140 F

p23

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27
Q

Tube Modules

A

Working Pressures: 5000 psi
Materials: hydrogen and oxygen

p50

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28
Q

What are two Pulmonary agents?

A

Chlorine
Phosgene
- can cause pulmonary edema

p144

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29
Q

What are the 5 types of evidence?

A
  1. Physical Evidence - Items that can be observed, photographed, measured, collected to prove a point. Ex. Burn Patterns
  2. Trace Evidence - Minute quantity of physical evidence that conveyed from one place to another. ex. shoe and shoe print on soil
  3. Demonstrative Evidence -anything used to validate a theory how something occurred.
  4. Direct Evidence-Facts that can be observed or reported firsthand. statements made by suspects
  5. Circumstantial Evidence - Info. used to prove a theory based on facts observed firsthand.
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30
Q

Propaine has an expansion ratio of ______ to _______

A

270:1

  • for every 1 volume of liquid propane, 270 times that amount of propane exist as vapor.
    p21
31
Q

The DuDote is intended for patients between the ages os ____ and ___ years of age?

A

18;55

p144

32
Q

Chlorine is considered what type of agent?

A

Pulmonary agent (Chocking agent) = because its inhalation causes severe pulmonary damage

p142

33
Q

Chlorine fusible plugs melt at _______ F

A

160 F

p22

34
Q

Define Fire point

A

The temperature at which sustained combustion of the vapor will occur.

p23

35
Q

Nonbulk storage vessels

A

All types of containers other then bulk containers
Hold a few oz to 119 gallons

p50

36
Q

What does OSHA HAZWOPER stand for?

A

Hazardous waste operations and emergency response.

p94

37
Q

Which Insoluble substances would not be the best candidates for straight water wash?

A

Nerve agents
Benzine
Toluene

p227

38
Q

IM-102 Portable Tanks (IMO type 2)

A

Capacity: 6,300 gallon
Wking pressures: 14.7 - 25.4 psi
Materials: Carry nonhazardous materials but may also contain flammable liquids and corrosives.

p50

39
Q

Biological warfare is categorized in four ways:

A
  1. Bacterial agents (Anthrax)
  2. Fungal agents (aflaxtoxin)
  3. Viral agents (Ebola virus or smallpox)
  4. Toxins (Ricin or botulinum)

p306

40
Q

Headspace

A

The small vapor space above the liquid in a pressurized tank.
10-15 % of the total container capacity is vapor

p49

41
Q

What chemical is known as a blood agent?

A

Cyanide- interfere with the utilization of oxygen by the cells of the body.
Most common: Hydrogen cyanide, Cyanogen Chloride

p145

42
Q

Dikes / Berms

A

Short walls that form a catch basin around a vessel

p49

43
Q

What are 3 ways to reduce or eliminate contamination ?

A
  1. Dilution
  2. Isolation
  3. Washing

p226

44
Q

Tube trailers

A

Traits: several individual cylinders banded together
Working pressures: 3000 - 5,000 psi
Materials: Hydrogen, oxygen, helium, methane

45
Q

Dewar Container

A

A container designed to hold the temperature of a cold liquid held inside.

p48

46
Q

What is SLUDGE and what does it stand for?

A

Common symptoms of Nerve Agents.
Salivation, Lacrimation, Defecation, Gastric upset, Emesis

p143

47
Q

Shipping Papers and corresponding names:

A 
Bills of landing = Road vehicles 
Way-bills = Railroad transportation 
Consist, train-list = Train 
Dangerous cargo manifest = Marine vessels 
Air bill = Air transport
48
Q

What is a Dirty Bomb?

A

Any device that causes the purposeful dissemination of radioactive material across an area without nuclear detonation.

  • IND (Improvised nuclear device)
  • RED (Radiation Exposure device)

p149

49
Q

Intermodal Tanks

A

Both shipping and storage vessels. They Hold between 5000 and 6000 gallons of product and can be either pressurized or nonpressurized.

p49

50
Q

APR’s require that the ambient atmosphere contain a minimum of ________ percent oxygen ?

A

19.5

P103

51
Q

What is the Flashpoint of gasoline?

A

-45 F

p22

52
Q

Dry Bulk Cargo tanks

A

Traits: V shaped with rounded sides that funnel contents to the bottom.
Materials: Powders, pellets, fertilizers, grain
Wking Pressures: Not pressurized

53
Q

CBRN

A

Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear.

p94

54
Q

The conversion from bar to psi is?

A

1 bar = 14.7 psi

p24

55
Q

NTP - Normal temperature and pressure

A

These values represent standard conditions under which chemical and physical properties can be tested and documented.

p24

56
Q

Potential targets for terrorist can be classified into 3 broad categories:

A
  1. Infrastructure targets
  2. Symbolic Targets
  3. Civilian Targets

p135

57
Q

What are the pump pressures set for when set to a fog pattern for mass Decon?

A

Between 30 to 50psi.

p222

58
Q

MC-306 / DOT 406 (Cargo Tank)

A

Traits: Oval shaped, offloaded from the bottom
Capacity: 6,000 - 10,000 gallons
Wking Pressures: Non-pressurized 2.65 - 4 psi
Materials:Liquid food-grade, gasoline, Flammable Liquid

59
Q

A backup team for a hazardous response should never be more then _______ or so from being fully dressed and ready for action.

A

1 minute

p116

60
Q

MC-307 / DOT 407 (Chemical Hauler)

A

Traits: Horse-shoe shaped (insulated) round (uninsulated)
Capacity: 6,000 - 7,000 gallons
Wking Pressures: up to 35 psi
Materials: Flammable liquids, mild corrosives, poisions

61
Q

What is the flammable range of gasoline vapors?

A

1.4% to 7.6%

p23

62
Q

What two chemical agents are classified as Blister agents?

A

Sulfur Mustard- Clear, yellow; vaporizes slowly; pain onset slow
Lewisite- dark brown; causes pain immediately

p144

63
Q

What is the mnemonic for lighter-then-air gases?

A

4H MEDIC ANNA

Hydrogen Methane Ammonia
Helium Ethylene Neon
Hydrogen Cyanide Diborane Nitrogen
Hydrogen Fluoride Illuminating gas Acetylene
Carbon monoxide

64
Q

PAH (Polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons)?

A

A group of substances that occurs naturally in materials such as crude oil and coal. Can be found in vehicle exhaust, tobacco smoke, and structure fires.

p160

65
Q

Other names for Hot, Warm, and Cold zones are?

A

Exclusionary zone, Contamination reduction zone, Outer perimeter.

p113

66
Q

List some Facts about Beta particles

A 
More energetic then alpha particles 
pose a greater health hazard 
can travel 10-15 feet in open air 
cause damage to living tissue 
Causes Ionizing Radiation

p29

67
Q

Facts about Gamma Radiation

A 
Most energetic radiation; is pure electromagnetic energy 
travels at the speed of light 
Sources of gamma radiation: 
Cesium 
Cobalt

p31

68
Q

Ionizing radiation

A

Has the capability to cause changes in human cells; mutation of the cell become the root cause of cancer.

p29

69
Q

what does ALARA stand for?

A

As low as reasonably achievable

p31

70
Q

What is NFPA 1994

A

Protective Ensembles for First Responders to CBRN Terrorism incidents

P100

71
Q

Common Nerve Agents

A

Tabun
Soman
Sarin
V-agent

72
Q

Blister agents

A

Sulfer mustard

Lewisite

73
Q

Pulmonary agents

A

Phosgene

Chlorine

74
Q

Blood agents

A

Cyanide

Most commonly encountered cyanide compounds: hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride

75
Q

Biological agents

A

Anthrax
Plague
Smallpox

Engineer Test 2016 (12 decks)

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