Driver Operator Flashcards
What is the Collapse Zone Distance?
Equal to at least 1 and 1/2 times the height of the building.
-Position the apparatus at the corners of the building.
p103
Where should the apparatus be positioned if Hazardous material are involved in a fire?
Upwind in the Cold zone.
p102
Concerning the inside/outside method, if the building is less then _______ stories tall, engines companies are positioned on the side of the street _________ to the building and aerials are positioned _________of the engine.
5 , Closest , Outboard
p105
Concerning the inside/outside method, if the building is higher then _______ stories, The engine takes the _______ position and the aerials are positioned ______ to the building.
5, Outside , Next
p105
True or False
When placing the intake hose for direct water supply from static source, First, connect the hard intake hose and strainer to the pumper, then drive the pumper into the final draft position?
True
p109
What is Dual Pumping?
Pumper 1 and Pumper 2 are connected Intake to intake.
p113
Define Tandem Pumping Operations
A form or relay pumping with the pumpers positioned close together rather then evenly spaced in the supply hose layout.
- Used when pressures higher then a single engine is capable of supplying are required.
-Two engines may be positioned as much as 300 feet apart.
- From discharge to intake of second pumper.
p115
Define Wildland/Urban interface
The boundary between the Wildland and structural development.
p116
Define Anchor Point in relation to Wildland fire attack.
A natural man-made barrier that will prevent the fire from spreading around and encircling the engine and crew.
- Paved roads, lakes, previously burned areas
p116
According to Driver Operator Book, The command vehicle should be positioned ____________ of a building so that the IC is afforded a view of ________ sides of the building.
Near a corner, 2
p121
Two types of equipment are used to refill SCBA cylinders on the scene
- Cascade systems - Air cylinders that are connected together in banks
- Breathing air compressors - Engine-driven appliances that take in atmospheric air, purifying it, and compressing it.
p121
NFPA 1962
Standard for the inspection, care, and use of fire hose, couplings, and nozzles and the service testing of fire hose
p115
When is level I staging used?
Any emergency response where 2 or more companies are dispatched.
- Stage atleast 1 block away from the scene in their direction of travel
p124
When is level II staging used?
When numerous emergency vehicle will be responding to the same incident; multiple alarms need level II staging.
-The first arriving company officer becomes the STAGING AREA MANAGER.
p125
According to Pump ops book, Companies in staging must be ready to respond within _______ minutes of being called.
3 minutes
p125
When serving as an additional apparatus for highway blocking, position apparatus ______ to ______ feet behind the shielded apparatus to asct as an additional barrier between firefighters and the flow of traffic.
150 to 200 feet.
p126
True or False
When having responded to an EMS call, EMS vehicles are to park of the street or highway and shut off all emergency lights.
True
p130
Between _______ degrees F and _______degrees F water exist in a liquid state.
32 and 212
p135
Ordinary fresh water is generally considered to weigh ______ lb/ft3 or ________lb/gal
62.5 or 8.33
p136
What is Specific Heat?
A measure of the heat-absorbing capacity of a substance
p136
What is a BTU?
The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1degree F.
Define Latent Heat of Vaporization
The quantity of heat absorbed by a substance when it changes from a liquid to a vapor.
- Each pound of water requires approx. 970 btu of additional heat to completely convert to steam.
p137
At _____ degrees F, water expands approx ________ times its original volume.
212 , 1,700
p138
Define Viscosity
The tendency of a liquid to posses internal resistance to flow
p139
Define Specific Gravity
The density of liquids in relation to water.
- Water is given a value of 1
- Liquids with a specific gravity less then 1 are lighter then water and therefore float on water.
- Those with greater then 1 are heavier then water and sink to the bottom.
p139
First Principle (The action of pressure upon fluids)
Fluid pressure is perpendicular to any surface on which it acts.
p142
Second Principle (The action of pressure upon fluids)
Fluid pressure at a point in a fluid at rest is the same intensity in all directions.
p142
Third Principle (The action of pressure upon fluids)
Pressure applied to a confined fluid from without is transmitted equally in all directions.
p142
Fourth Principle (The action of pressure upon fluids)
The pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to its depth.
p142
Fifth Principle (The action of pressure upon fluids)
The pressure of a liquid in an open vessel is proportional to the density of the liquid.
p143
Sixth Principle (The action of pressure upon fluids)
The pressure of liquid on the bottom of a vessel is independent of the shape of the vessel.
p143
At sea level, the atmosphere exerts a pressure of _______
14.7 psi
p143
Define Head Pressure
Head in the fire service refers to the height of a water supply above the discharge orifice.
p144
Elevation
Refers to the center line of the pump or the bottom of a static water supply source above or below ground level.
p146
True or False
The friction loss in old hose may be as much as 50 percent greater than that in a new hose.
True
p147
Define Coefficient of Friction
The rougher the inner surface of the pipe
p147
First Principle of Friction Loss
If all other conditions are the same, friction loss varies directly with the length of hose or pipe.
p147
What is the Second Principle of Friction Loss
When hoses are the same size, friction loss varies approx. with the square of the increase in the velocity of the flow.
p147
What is the Third Principle of Friction loss
For the same discharge, friction loss varies inversely as the fifth power of the diameter of the hose
-Proves the advantage that larger hose has less friction loss.
p148
What is the Fourth principle of Friction loss
For a given flow velocity, friction loss is approx. the same, regardless of the pressure on the water.
- Pressure loss is the same when hose at different pressures flow the same amount of water.
p148
Define Critical Velocity
If the velocity is increased beyond these limits, the friction becomes so great that the entire stream is agitated by resistance.
p150
Direct Pumping Systems
Use one or more pumps that take water from the primary source and discharge it through the filtration and treatment process.
p152
What are the 3 methods for moving water in a system?
- Direct pumping
- Gravity
- Combination
p152
In residential areas, what is the recommended size for fire hydrant supply mains?
6 iches with 8 inch cross-connecting mains at intervals not more then 600 feet.
In business and industrial districts, what is the reccommended size fir fire hydrant mains?
8 inch with cross-connecting mains every 600 ft.
p157
Define Average daily consumption
The average of the total amount of water used in a water distribution system over the period of 1 year.
p159
Maximum daily consumption
Maximum total amount of water that was used during any 24 hour interval within a 3 year period.
-The maximum daily consumption is normally about 1 and 1/2 times the average daily consumption.
p160
Peak hourly consumption
Maximum amount of water used in any 1 hour interval over the course of a day
p160
Solid stream nozzles used on handlines should be operated at? Master stream?
50 psi , 80 psi
p166
Formula for Determining the flow from a solid stream
GPM=29.7 x d(squared) x (Square root) NP
p166
Generally, _____gpm is the maximum amount of water that can safely flow through a handline nozzle.
350 gpm.
p171
Master streams should be operated at?
Smoothbore
Fog
….And flow usually ______gpm or greater.
80psi
100psi
350 gpm
p171
NFPA 1901
Standard for automotive Fire apparatus
p175
What is the average length of piercing nozzle?
Commonly used in aircraft firefighting, they can be 3-6 foot long and are made of hollow steel rod 1 1/ 2 inches in diameter. Capable of delivering 100gpm
p176
Nozzle reaction is illustrated by Newtons _____ law of Motion.
3rd
“For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction”
p178
Practical working limits for velocity of fire streams are within ____ to ____ feet per second.
60 to 120
p178
Formula for calculating Nozzle reaction Solid stream
NR=1.57 x d (squared) x NP
p178
Formula for calculating Nozzle reaction for Fog stream
NR = 0.0505 X Q X (Square root) NP
p179
Elevation Pressure
Elevation differences create pressure loss or gain.
p184
Water exerts a pressure of _______psi per foot foot of elevation.
0.434 psi
p191
Friction loss formula
FL=CQ(squared)L
Determine Solid Stream Flow
29.7 x d (Squared) x (square root) NP
Pump discharge pressure formula
PDP = NP + TPL
Net pump discharge pressure
NPDP = PDP - Intake reading
Elevation pressure formulas
EP=5psi x (# of stories -1)
or
EP=0.5H
What percentages of the calls made by FD are EMS calls?
60 %
p130
Coefficient for 1 1/2 inch
24
Coefficient for 1 3/4 with 1 1/2 coupling?
15.5
Coefficient for 2 1/2 inch
2
Coefficient for 3 with 2 1/2 inch coupling?
0.8
Coefficient for 3 with 3 inch coupling?
0.6777
Coefficient for 5 inch
0.08
