Hazardous Materials

Question 1

What is the purpose of the Authority Having Jurisdiction?

AHJ

Answer 1

Trains EMS to levels of appropriate education on hazardous material.

Question 2

What does ERG stand for?

Answer 2

Emergency Response Guidebook

It provides specific details/information on the hazards of a substance, placards, and isolation distances.

Question 3

What are placards?

Answer 3

These are diamond signs that explain what substance is being carried.

Question 4

What are labels?

Answer 4

These are small placards that explain the potential hazard of a substance that is being carried.

Question 5

What does CHEMTREC stand for?

Answer 5

Chemical Transportation Emergency Center

24-hour service line to assist responders in possible hazards.

Question 6

What does MSDS stand for?

Answer 6

Material Safety Data Sheet

Information of hazardous material that includes:

• chemical makeup
• potential hazards
• appropriate first aid

Question 7

How does the isolation distance change from night and day?

Answer 7

Night is a longer isolation distance.

Humidity and temperature increase the distance.

Question 8

What does an MC 306 DOT 406 tanker carry?

Answer 8

Flammable and combustible liquids.

Question 9

What does an MC 307 DOT 407 tanker carry?

Answer 9

Flammable liquids, mild corrosives or poison.

Question 10

What do tube trailers carry?

Answer 10

gases

Question 11

What do dry bulk cargo tanks carry?

Answer 11

Fertilizer, seeds and powders.

Question 12

What is the hot zone?

Answer 12

Contamination zone

Question 13

What is the warm zone?

Answer 13

It is where decontamination occurs.

Question 14

What is the cold zone?

Answer 14

It is where triage/treatment is performed.

Question 15

Describe:

Level A ensemble

Answer 15

• The suit is fully encapsulated.
• Equipped with air device.
• Suits are gas tight.

Question 16

Describe:

Level B ensemble

Answer 16

• The suit is splash-resistant but not fully encapsulating.
• Equipped with air device.

Question 17

Describe:

Level C ensemble

Answer 17

• Includes an air-purifying respirator.
• It has minimal splash protection.
• It is worn during perimeter protection.

Question 18

Describe:

Level D ensemble

Answer 18

• Worn in the cold zone.
• No respiratory protection.

Question 19

Define:

primary contamination

Answer 19

initial exposure

Question 20

Define:

secondary exposure

Answer 20

Exposure from one person to another.

Question 21

Describe a local effect from a hazardous material.

Answer 21

• Reddening of skin
• Localized pain
• Formation of blisters

Question 22

Describe a systemic effect from hazardous material.

Answer 22

• Damage to airway
• Altered mental status
• Effects to the heart

Question 23

Define:

neutralization

Answer 23

The use of chemicals to change hazardous materials into less harmful substances.

Question 24

Define:

Mass Decontamination

Answer 24

Covering multiple patients with large amounts of water.

Question 25

Define:

Decontamination Corridor

Answer 25

It is within the warm zone where decontamination takes place.

Question 26

Define:

Technical Decontamination

Answer 26

How first responders decontaminate supplies, tools and equipment.

Question 27

Define:

corrosives

Answer 27

Substances (chemicals) that can cause severe damage to living tissues or other materials upon contact.

Typically classified into two main categories: acids and bases.

Question 28

Define:

solvents

Answer 28

Substances that are able to dissolve other substances.

Question 29

:

What does the SLUDGEM mnemonic stand for?

Answer 29

Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
Gastrointestinal activity
Emesis
Miosis

Organophosphate poison

Question 30

What are some examples of asphyxiants?

Answer 30

• carbon monoxide
• cyanide