Hazard Awareness Flashcards
Are natural processes or phenomena of atmospheric, hydrological, or oceanographic nature.
Hydro meteorological hazards
What is the difference between a hurricane, cyclone, and typhoon?
In the Atlantic and North Pacific, “hurricane” is used. In the Northwest Pacific, it is called “typhoon” and “cyclones” occur in the South Pacific and Indian Ocean.
It is a type of large storm system having a circular or spiral system of violent winds, typically hundreds of kilometers or miles in diameter.
Typhoon
It is an abnormal rise of water generated by a storm, over and above the predicted astronomical tide.
Storm surge
A rain-bearing cloud that also produces lightning.
Thunderstorm
It is the water level rise during a storm due to the combination of storm surge and the astronomical tide.
Storm tide
Is an overflowing of water onto land that is normally dry. It can happen during heavy rains.
Flooding
These are the most dangerous kind of floods, because they combine the destructive power of a flood with incredible speed and unpredictability.
Flash floods
Fire triangle elements
Heat or ignition source, fuel, and oxygen
Can include any material, equipment, or operation that emits a spark or flame such as torches.
Ignition sources
Include combustible materials such as wood, paper, trash and clothing.
Fuel sources
What causes fire?
- Accidental and carelessness
- Electrical wiring
- Appliances
- Unattended stoves
- Children playing with matches
A plume of hot gases and flame rises from the fire and mixes with the cooler air within the room.
Incipient stage
The fire can continue to grow through flame spread or by ignition.
Growth stage
The sudden transition from a growth stage to fully developed fire.
Flashover
At this post-flashover stage, energy release is at its greatest.
Fully developed stage
A compartment fire may enter the decay stage as the available fuel is consumed or due to limited oxygen.
Decay stage
Are special pressurized devices that release chemicals or water to aid in putting out a fire.
Fire extinguishers
Fires involving solid materials such as wood, paper, or textiles.
Class A
Fires involving flammable liquid such as petrol, diesels, oils.
Class B
Fires involving gases.
Class C
Fires involving metals.
Class D
Fires involving live electrical apparatus.
Class E
Fires involving cooking oils such as in deep-fat fryers.
Class F
Can be used on Class A and B fires. Most suited to extinguishing liquid fires such as petrol or diesel.
Foam extinguishers
Are a good multi-purpose fire extinguisher because they can be used on Class A, B and C fires.
Powder extinguishers
Are ideal for places with a lot of electrical equipment such as offices or server rooms because they are safe to use on fires involving electrical apparatus.
Carbon dioxide extinguishers
Are suitable for use on Class F fires involving oils and fats.
Wet chemical extinguishers
Are primarily for use on hot oil fires such as frying pans or small deep fat fryers.
Fire blankets
PASS
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