HASS

Question 1

What is a landscape?

Answer 1

A landscape is a part of the Earth’s surface. It consists of a variety of geographical features that are characteristic of an area.

Question 2

What are the 6 landscapes?

Answer 2

Mountainous, Riverine, Desert, Karst, Human, Coastal

Question 3

What is a landform?

Answer 3

A landform is a shape or physical feature on the Earth’s surface that a natural process has produced.

Question 4

With tectonic plates, what does converging and diverging mean and what do they do?

Answer 4

Converging means pushing inwards and it creates mountain ranges. Diverging means pulling away and it creates volcanic eruptions by allowing magma to oose out of the crust

Question 5

How are mountains formed?

Answer 5

Mountains are formed when the Earth’s surface pushes upwards.

Question 6

What are fold mountains?

Answer 6

They are mountains that form when tectonic plates converge and layers of rock buckle and push upwards.

Question 7

What are block mountains?

Answer 7

They are mountains that form when cracks in the Earth’s crust (faults) force blocks of land upwards.

Question 8

What are volcanic mountains?

Answer 8

They are mountains that form when magma pushes its way from beneath the Earth to the crust.

Question 9

How do volcanoes form?

Answer 9

Volcanoes form when magma pushes through an opening in the Earth’s crust.

Question 10

How do earthquakes occur?

Answer 10

Earthquakes are caused when the edges of the tectonic plates push and grind against each other.

Question 11

What are the 4 types of landslides?

Answer 11

Soil creep, slumping, mudslides (lahars), avalanches

Question 12

What is a soil creep?

Answer 12

• Gradual movement of soil, rocks and earth down a gentle slope

Question 13

What is slumping?

Answer 13

• movement of larger sections of soil and rocks down a steep, curved slope
• triggered by earthquakes, excessive rain or freezing or thawing of the land

Question 14

What are mudslides?

Answer 14

• triggered by heavy rain, quick thawing earth, earthquakes or volcanic activity

Question 15

What are avalanches?

Answer 15

• rapid movement of snow down steep mountain slopes
• fastest moving landslide
  triggered by natural movements (earthquakes + weather) or human movements (skiing)

Question 16

What are tsunamis?

Answer 16

Tsunamis are created when:
- created when natural events move a huge amount of water in a short period of time
- caused when the sea floor moves upwards during an earthquake

Question 17

What are the 4 significances?

Answer 17

Aesthetic, cultural, economic, spiritual

Question 18

What is a natural hazard?

Answer 18

A natural hazard is a known feature of an area that may cause loss of life, injury and/or property damage.

Question 19

What is a Natural disaster?

Answer 19

A natural disaster is the occurrence of an expected natural event that adversely affects the environment and people in the area.

Question 20

What is a geomorphic hazard?

Answer 20

Geomorphological hazards, such as floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, landslides and tsunamis are natural disasters causing significant damage to landform stability and causing devastating effects on the area and its inhabitants.

Question 21

What is a landslide?

Answer 21

A landslide is the movement of rock, debris or earth down a slope. They result from the failure of the materials which make up the hill slope and are driven by the force of gravity. Landslides are known also as landslips, slumps or slope failures.

Question 22

What is an earthquake?

Answer 22

A hazard that can:
- shake the ground
- buildings and other structures collapse
- crush people to death
- cause tsunamis

Question 23

What causes a sinkhole?

Answer 23

When stuff immediately below the surface shifts to somewhere else.