Digestive System Flashcards
What is the process in which systems are formed and what is an example?
Cells to Tissues to Organs to Organ Systems
Heart Cells to Heart Tissues to Heart to Cardiovascular System
What is Digestion?
Digestion is the process of breaking down food into useable form and making its nutrients available?
What are the different types of digestion?
Mechanical & Chemical Digestion
What is Mechanical Digestion?
Mechanical Digestion is when the food is sliced, torn and crushed by your teeth, breaking it down into smaller pieces. It is a physical change because no new substances are made.
What is Chemical Digestion?
In chemical digestion the large, complex substances in the food are broken down into simpler chemicals by saliva in your mouth and gastric juice in your stomach. This produces new, smaller chemicals that the body can absorb. Chemical digestion is a chemical change because a new substance is produced.
What is an example of mechanical and chemical digestion?
Bread to Teeth to Smaller pieces of Bread
Starch to saliva to Glucose
What are the different types of teeth and what are their jobs?
Incisor: 4 front teeth, bite off pieces small enough to chew
Canines: No role
Tongue pushes food to premolars and molars
Premolars & molars: Grind the food into smaller and smaller pieces
When does chemical digestion occur in the digestive system?
Chemical digestion occurs when food gets mixed with saliva (a liquid produced by the salivary glands). Saliva has a chemical which turns starch into glucose. Starch is a complex sugar that can not be absorbed unlike glucose. Saliva moistens the food making it easy to swallow. The tongue rolls the food in balls (bolus) which is pushed into the oesophagus
What is peristalsis?
The process in which the muscles of the oesophagus relax and contract to push the bolus down.
