hartwein test 3 (LGI) Flashcards
The liver is located primarily in the ___ of the abdomen>
RUQ
The liver is divided into ___ major and minor lobes
four
The liver secretes approximately ___ml of bile per day
800-1000
The liver performs more than100 different functions. (true/false)
true
The main function of bile is to
emulsify fats
Which aspect of the gallbladder is located most posterior within the abdomen?
Neck
Where is bile formed?
liver
Which of the following functions are performed by the gallbladder?
Storage of bile
Concentration of bile
Contraction and release of bile
What is an older term for the pancreatic duct?
Duct of Wirsung
“Chole” is a prefix for terms pertaining to the
bile
Radiographic examination of the biliary ducts only is termed:
cholangiography
Which of the following structures is not considered to be an accessory organ of digestion?
Kidneys
Saliva contains certain enzymes to begin the digestion of:
starch
The act of swallowing is termed:
deglutition
Which of the following structures of the salivary glands?
parotid
sublingual
submandibular
The esophagus is located ___ to the larynx.
posterior
Which structures create a normal indentation seen along the lateral border of the esophagus?
Aortic arch and left primary bronchus
The opening between the stomach and esophagus is termed the:
esophagogastric junction
The dilated portion the distal esophagus is termed the
cardiac antrum
Which of the following is not a main subdivision of the stomach?
cardium
Which term describes the outer, lateral border of the stomach?
greater curvature
What is the term for the longitudinal mucosal folds found within the stomach?
rugae
Toward which aspect(s of the stomach will barium gravitate with the patient in the prone position?
Body of pylorus
Which aspect of the stomach is attached to the duodenum?
pylorus
Which specific part of the pancreas is adjacent to the C-loop[ of the duodenum?
head
Which division of the duodenum contains the duodenal bulb or cap?
first (superior)
What structure indicates the junction between the duodenum and jejunum?
Suspensory muscle of the duodenum
Once food enters the stomach and is mixed with gastric secretions, it is termed:
chyme
Which of the following substances are not digested chemically?
minerals
lipids (fats) are broken down to fatty acids and glycerol as they are digested and absorbed by the:
small bowel only
Which aspect of the GI tract is primarily responsible for the absorption of digestive end products along with water, vitamins, and mineral?
small intestine
A high and transverse stomach would be found in a(n) ___ patient.
hpersthenic
A stomach, with the duodenal bulb at the level of L2, would be found in a (n)____ patient.
sthenic
What is the classification of barium sulfate as a contrast media?
radiopaque
What type of solution is formed when barium is mixed with water?
colloidal suspension
Swallowed room air can be used as a negative contrast medium during an upper GI series (true/false)
false
Which of the following statements is true about barium sulfate?
It rarely produces an allergic reaction
Which of the following clinical indications would mandate the use of an oral, water-soluble contrast agent?
Patient with a possible perforated bowel
What type of contrast media is ideal for demonstrating a diverticulum within the stomach?
double-contrast barium/negative contrast agent
Which of the following patient care concerns would prevent the use of an oral, water-soluble contrast medium?
the patient is sensitive to iodine
no cassettes are required for imaging with a digital fluoroscopy unit. (true/ false)
true
Which of the following cardinal principles of radiation protection is most effective in reducing the dose to the technologist during fluoroscopy:?
distance
Which of the following devices most reduces gonadal exposure during fluoroscopy?
bucky slot cover
Protective aprons worn during fluoroscopy must possess at least ___ mm lead equivalency
0.5
Which of the following conditions involves dilated veins in the distal aspect of the esophagus, which in some cases can lead to internal bleeding?
esophageal varices
A large outpouching of the proximal esophagus above the upper esophageal sphincter is termed?
Zenker diverticulum
Gastritis is defined as inflammation of the:
stomach
Which of the following conditions is an example of GERD?
esophageal reflux
What is a potential risk associated with the use of water-soluble contrast agents, especially for geriatric patients?
dehydration
When using computed radiography (CR), inadequate kv or mAs will produce a ___ image.
mottled
Patient preparation for an esophagram includes
none of the above; patient preparation is not needed as long as an upper GI series is not scheduled to follow
Most esophagrams begin with the patient:
erect
Why would a patient undergo Valsalva maneuver during a esophagram?
to demonstrate possible esophageal reflux
which of the following procedures will not demonstrate possible esophageal reflux?
reverse trendelenburg method
Which of the following positions is not normally considered to be part of the esophagram basic routine?
AP
Patient preparation for an adult upper GI series includes:
NPO 8 hours before the procedure
Which of the following kV ranges should be used for an upper GI series using barium sulfate (single contrast study)?
100-125 kV
entering of the CR for an esophagram should be the vertebral level of:
T5-T6
How much obliquity is required for the RAO position for the esophagus?
35-45 degrees
The RAO position of the esophagus is preferred over the LAO because it:
increases the visibility of the esophagus between the vertebrae and heart
hat type of breathing instructions should be given to thepatient during an esophagram using a thin barium mixture?
shallow breathing and continued swallowing during exposure
