Hardware / Software

Question 1

bit (binary digit)

Answer 1

smallest info unit that a computer can represent. the value of a bit is called a status, can only have 2 statuses: either 1 or 0, true or false, yes or no, on or off.

Question 2

binary numeral system

Answer 2

uses only two symbols: typically “0” (zero) and “1” (one).

Each digit is referred to as a bit. used by almost all modern computers and computer-based devices.

Question 3

byte

Answer 3

the basic working unit, consists of 8 bits (2^8=256 different combos/characters possible)

Question 4

byte chart

Answer 4

1 bit = 0 or 1
1 byte = 8 bits
1 kilobyte (KB) = 1024 bytes
1 megabyte (MB) = 1024 kilobytes
1 gigabyte (GB) = 1024 megabytes
1 terrabyte (TB) = 1024 gigabytes

Question 5

bit depth

Answer 5

measures the number of bits with which a graphic input or output device reproduces each individual pixel in an image. determines color/tonal range (8 bit color depth means 2^8 and makes it possible to represent 256 colors)

Question 6

hardware

Answer 6

all the physical elements in electronic data processing

Question 7

computer (as hardware)

Answer 7

consists of central unit (control unit) and the peripherals. central unit: contains processor (CPU), the working memory (RAM), and the various bus and connection systems (interface elements, slots for extension cards). peripherals: include all components that can be connected to central unit (input/output devices)

Question 8

input devices

Answer 8

feed info to computer (mouse, keyboard, CD-ROM drive, graphics tablet, etc.)

Question 9

output devices

Answer 9

make the data saved/modified on computer accessible to user in some other way (monitors, printers, projectors, etc)

Question 10

monitor (screen)

Answer 10

output device used to display/reproduce material. 2 types: LCD screen (flat screen) and CRT (cathode ray tube) screen. produce all colors by mixing RGB. screen size given in inches, refers to diagonal.

Question 11

screen resolution

Answer 11

the number of pixels: number of lines x dots per line (hi-res monitors have resolution of 1024x768px and higher)

Question 12

software

Answer 12

programs/data (operating system, system extensions, drivers, programs)

Question 13

operating system

Answer 13

comp’s basic software. controls and organizes all fundamental functions such as launch programs, managing and using storage systems, organizing peripheral devices or executing programs