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anat/phys prereq > Handout 1, Quiz Jan 26 > Flashcards

Handout 1, Quiz Jan 26 Flashcards

1
Q

toe bones

A

phalanges

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2
Q

the part of the neuron that contains organelles

A

cell body (soma)

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3
Q

meaning this attachment of a muscle is more stable than the other end

A

fixed

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4
Q

wrist bones

A

carpals

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5
Q

a group of structures in the brain that are associated with emotion, memory, and mood

A

limbic system

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6
Q

prefix for “within, on the inside”

A

endo

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7
Q

successful shortening of a muscle

A

concentric contraction

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8
Q

5 bones of the palm

A

metacarpals

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9
Q

“bottom” surface of the foot

A

plantar

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10
Q

lateral bone of the forearm

A

radius

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11
Q

erosion of articular cartilage

A

osteoarthritis

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12
Q

distal bones of the foot

A

metatarsals

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13
Q

prefix meaning “above” (ie: ____patellar bursa)

A

supra

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14
Q

lobe responsible for visual analysis

A

occipital lobe

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15
Q

the reference point for the description of body position (standing, arms to the side, head and palms facing forward)

A

anatomical position

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16
Q

condition marked by debilitating fatigue, widespread muscular pain, and tenderness at specific points on the body. Normal uncomfortable stimuli can lead to pain amplification

A

fibromyalgia

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17
Q

the “back” or “top” of the foot

A

dorsal surface, dorsum

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18
Q

proximal attachments of the quadriceps muscle

A

hip bone and femur

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19
Q

shoulder blade

A

scapula

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20
Q

finger bones (and how many)

A

phalanges (14)

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21
Q

a white, fatty material that insulates axons

A

myelin

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22
Q

the distal bones of the foot

A

metatarsals

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23
Q

the chemical molecule that moves from one neuron to the next at the synapse

A

neurotransmitter

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24
Q

muscles and glands, relative to the nervous system

A

effectors

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25
Q

closer to the attachment of a limb (to the torso)

A

proximal

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26
Q

the site of communication between two neurons

A

synapse

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27
Q

a sudden neurological affliction usually related to the impaired cerebral blood supply

A

stroke

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28
Q

suffix meaning “similar,” “like”

A

oid

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29
Q

distal attachment of the quadriceps muscle

A

tibia

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30
Q

“back” of the hand

A

dorsum, dorsal surface

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31
Q

a thin layer of connective tissue that surrounds each individual muscle cell

A

endomysium

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32
Q

inflammation of a bursa

A

bursitis

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33
Q

connective tissue that connects bone to bone

A

ligament

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34
Q

medial lower leg bone

A

tibia

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35
Q

stiffness of a joint due to abnormal adhesion and rigidity of the bones of the joint

A

ankylosis

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36
Q

where the tibialis anterior connects to the 1st cuneiform and proximal end of the 1st metatarsal bone

A

insertion/distal attachment

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37
Q

a bundle of axons in the PNS

A

nerve

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38
Q

bones that make up the tunnel of Guyon

A

Pisiform on the ulnar side, hook of the hamate on the radial side

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39
Q

proximal bones of the foot

A

tarsals

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40
Q

collar bone

A

clavicle

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41
Q

suffix meaning “head”

A

ceps

42
Q

lobe responsible for for auditory analysis, smell analysis

A

temporal lobe

43
Q

anatomically “front”

A

anterior

44
Q

allows passage of the ulnar artery and ulnar nerve into the hand

A

tunnel of Guyon

45
Q

3 tarsal bones, proximal to the phalanges

A

cuneiforms

46
Q

what divides the body into left and right halves and is used as a reference in anatomy

A

mid-sagittal plane

47
Q

8 proximal bones of the hand

A

carpal bones

48
Q

either of the rounded halves of the cerebrum

A

cerebral hemispheres

49
Q

most proximal tarsal bone

A

talus

50
Q

process of viscera moving food along the gastrointestinal tract

A

peristalsis

51
Q

upper leg bone

A

femur

52
Q

muscle type found in the walls of all the viscera

A

smooth muscle

53
Q

disorder in which the bones become increasingly porous, brittle, and subject to fracture, owing to loss of calcium and other mineral components

A

osteoporosis

54
Q

system that carries information to the CNS and instructions from the CNS to effectors

A

peripheral nervous system (PNS)

55
Q

word meaning “joint inflammation”

A

arthritis

56
Q

a closed sac or envelope lined with synovial mebrane and containing fluid

A

bursa

57
Q

a bundle of axons in the CNS

A

tract

58
Q

farther away from the attachment of a limb (to the torso)

A

distal

59
Q

the most proximal bones of the foot

A

tarsals

60
Q

a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammation and progressive deformity of the joints

A

rheumatoid arthritis

61
Q

where the tibialis anterior connects to upper lateral surface of the tibia

A

origin/proximal attachment

62
Q

thigh bone

A

femur

63
Q

anatomically “behind”

A

posterior

64
Q

Tarsal bone proximal to the cuneiformes

A

navicular

65
Q

farther from the midsagittal plane

A

lateral

66
Q

sesamoid bone, proximal to the ulna bone

A

pisiform

67
Q

an injury to either a muscle or a tendon, involving a stretching or tearing of the tissue

A

strain

68
Q

extension of the neuron that carries signals away from its cell body toward another neuron or effector

A

nerve fiber/axon

69
Q

chaotic contractions across the heart

A

fibrilation

70
Q

lobe responsible for pain, touch analysis

A

parietal lobe

71
Q

lateral lower leg bone

A

fibula

72
Q

a device that is capable of sending a therapeutic dose of electric current through the heart that restores the heart to normal

A

defibrillator

73
Q

hollow organs of the body, except the heart

A

viscera

74
Q

in rheumatoid arthritis this abnormal tissue erodes articular cartilage, allowing scar tissue to form and fuse the bone ends

A

pannus

75
Q

lobe responsible for conscious movement of skeletal muscles, thinking

A

frontal lobe

76
Q

upper arm bone

A

humerus

77
Q

allows electrical currents to pass between cells so heart cells contract in unison

A

gap junctions

78
Q

medial bone of the forearm

A

ulna

79
Q

a system of structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease

A

immune system

80
Q

a muscle that moves the foot

A

tibialis anterior

81
Q

extension of the neuron that carries signals toward its cell body from another neuron

A

dendrite

82
Q

a movement in which the foot faces inward

A

inversion

83
Q

hand bones

A

metacarpals

84
Q

bones completely contained within muscle tendons

A

sesamoid bones

85
Q

connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

A

tendon

86
Q

closer to the midsagittal plane

A

medial

87
Q

hip bones

A

coxal bones/coxics

88
Q

aka for cardiac muscle

A

myocardium

89
Q

muscle attached to the skeleton

A

skeletal muscle

90
Q

upward movement of the foot that brings toes closer to the front of the leg

A

dorsiflexion

91
Q

system consisting of the brain and spinal cord

A

central nervous system (CNS)

92
Q

toe bones, distal to the metatarsals, and how many

A

14 phalanges

93
Q

bones that make up the spinal column/backbone

A

vertibrae (singular: vertibra)

94
Q

degenerative loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength associated with aging (greek for “poverty of flesh”

A

sarcopenia

95
Q

the heel bone

A

calcaneus

96
Q

term for “palm up”

A

supinated

97
Q

tarsal, immediately proximal to the 4 and 5 metatarsals

A

cuboid

98
Q

prefix for “on the outside, upon”

A

epi

99
Q

the kneecap/knee bone, largest sesamoid bone

A

patella

100
Q

muscle on the anterior of the femur

A

quadriceps

101
Q

suffix meaning “pain”

A

algia

102
Q

an injury to a ligament, involving a stretching or tearing of the tissue

A

sprain

anat/phys prereq (5 decks)

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