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anat/phys prereq > Handout 1, Quiz Jan 15 > Flashcards

Handout 1, Quiz Jan 15 Flashcards

1
Q

a fertilized egg

A

zygote

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2
Q

organs that share a common purpose

A

systems

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3
Q

tissue that has the ability to contract and create movement in various parts of the body

A

muscle tissue

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4
Q

muscle cell, called this because it is long and thin

A

muscle fibre

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5
Q

connective tissue that helps maintain normal boy temperature, manages heat within the body, and transports materials

A

blood

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6
Q

internal support structure of an animal

A

endoskeleton

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7
Q

Basic structural and functional units of the body

A

cell

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8
Q

avascular connective tissue that provides structure with some degree of flexibility

A

cartilage

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9
Q

matrix found in blood, mostly water

A

plasma

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10
Q

the uppermost layer of the skin

A

epidermis

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11
Q

lateral lower leg bone

A

fibula

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12
Q

removes osseous tissue to remodel bones and to release calcium needed by the nervous system and muscle

A

osteoclast

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13
Q

shortening of muscle tissue

A

contract

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14
Q

the thigh bone

A

the head of the femur

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15
Q

primary germ layers

A

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

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16
Q

wrist bones

A

carpals

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17
Q

rod-like bits of bone

A

trabeculae

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18
Q

cartilage covering the articular surfaces of the bones

A

articular cartilage

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19
Q

bone in which trabeculae form a three-dimensional latticework within the spaces filled with bone marrow

A

spongy bone

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20
Q

prefix for “within, on the inside”

A

endo

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21
Q

external skeleton that supports an animal’s body

A

exoskeleton

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22
Q

property of a fluid that resists the force tending it to cause the fluid to flow, is effective at reducing friction

A

viscosity

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23
Q

cells that make up cartilage

A

chondrocytes

24
Q

without blood vessels

A

avascular

25
Q

a viscous fluid that lubricates the articular surfaces of a joint

A

synovial fluid

26
Q

tissue made of neurons/nerve cells

A

nervous tissue

27
Q

finger bones

A

phalanges

28
Q

hip bone’s cup shaped socket

A

acetabulum

29
Q

cells that produce colagen

A

fibroblast

30
Q

term for “flat”

A

squamous

31
Q

a closed sac or envelope lined with synovial mebrane and containing fluid

A

bursa

32
Q

bones are a reservoir for these two minerals

A

calcium and phosphorous

33
Q

tendency of a living organism to keep the conditions inside it similar, despite any changes in the conditions around it

A

homeostasis

34
Q

a term for different cells that provide structural and functional support for the neurons

A

glial cells, glia

35
Q

any cell that ingests foreign particles, bacteria, or cell debris

A

phagocyte

36
Q

tissues that have a relatively large amount of non living intercellular substances called matrix

A

connective tissue

37
Q

early stages of egg growth, from conception to 8 weeks

A

embryo

38
Q

non living intercellular substances found in connective tissues

A

matrix

39
Q

a bone-forming cell

A

osteoblast

40
Q

a fibrous, insoluable protein, part of connective tissue matrix

A

collagen

41
Q

upper leg bone

A

femur

42
Q

term used for zygote from two months after conception to birth

A

fetus

43
Q

a group of similar cells

A

tissue

44
Q

complex structures consisting of several tissue types

A

organs

45
Q

system of glands, each of which secretes different types of hormones directly into the bloodstream to maintain homeostasis

A

endocrine system

46
Q

substances released from endocrine glands into the bloodstream, where they travel to target tissue and generate a response

A

hormones

47
Q

provides a covering for most of the external surfaces of the body

A

epithelium

48
Q

forms the outer later of the epidermis

A

stratified squamous epithelium

49
Q

term for “layered”

A

stratified

50
Q

electrical signals conducted by neurons

A

action potentials

51
Q

cells that conduct electrical signals

A

neurons/nerve cells

52
Q

hardest of the connective tissues, vascular tissue that provides structural framework of the body. Consists of cells embedded in a mineralized matrix

A

bone

53
Q

dense bone that forms the external layer of all bone, provides protection and support

A

compact bone

54
Q

area in which two bones come together, also called a “joint”

A

articulation

55
Q

a joint in which synovial fluid is produced

A

synovial joint

anat/phys prereq (5 decks)

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