Handout 1, Quiz Jan 15 Flashcards
a fertilized egg
zygote
organs that share a common purpose
systems
tissue that has the ability to contract and create movement in various parts of the body
muscle tissue
muscle cell, called this because it is long and thin
muscle fibre
connective tissue that helps maintain normal boy temperature, manages heat within the body, and transports materials
blood
internal support structure of an animal
endoskeleton
Basic structural and functional units of the body
cell
avascular connective tissue that provides structure with some degree of flexibility
cartilage
matrix found in blood, mostly water
plasma
the uppermost layer of the skin
epidermis
lateral lower leg bone
fibula
removes osseous tissue to remodel bones and to release calcium needed by the nervous system and muscle
osteoclast
shortening of muscle tissue
contract
the thigh bone
the head of the femur
primary germ layers
endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm
wrist bones
carpals
rod-like bits of bone
trabeculae
cartilage covering the articular surfaces of the bones
articular cartilage
bone in which trabeculae form a three-dimensional latticework within the spaces filled with bone marrow
spongy bone
prefix for “within, on the inside”
endo
external skeleton that supports an animal’s body
exoskeleton
property of a fluid that resists the force tending it to cause the fluid to flow, is effective at reducing friction
viscosity
cells that make up cartilage
chondrocytes
without blood vessels
avascular
a viscous fluid that lubricates the articular surfaces of a joint
synovial fluid
tissue made of neurons/nerve cells
nervous tissue
finger bones
phalanges
hip bone’s cup shaped socket
acetabulum
cells that produce colagen
fibroblast
term for “flat”
squamous
a closed sac or envelope lined with synovial mebrane and containing fluid
bursa
bones are a reservoir for these two minerals
calcium and phosphorous
tendency of a living organism to keep the conditions inside it similar, despite any changes in the conditions around it
homeostasis
a term for different cells that provide structural and functional support for the neurons
glial cells, glia
any cell that ingests foreign particles, bacteria, or cell debris
phagocyte
tissues that have a relatively large amount of non living intercellular substances called matrix
connective tissue
early stages of egg growth, from conception to 8 weeks
embryo
non living intercellular substances found in connective tissues
matrix
a bone-forming cell
osteoblast
a fibrous, insoluable protein, part of connective tissue matrix
collagen
upper leg bone
femur
term used for zygote from two months after conception to birth
fetus
a group of similar cells
tissue
complex structures consisting of several tissue types
organs
system of glands, each of which secretes different types of hormones directly into the bloodstream to maintain homeostasis
endocrine system
substances released from endocrine glands into the bloodstream, where they travel to target tissue and generate a response
hormones
provides a covering for most of the external surfaces of the body
epithelium
forms the outer later of the epidermis
stratified squamous epithelium
term for “layered”
stratified
electrical signals conducted by neurons
action potentials
cells that conduct electrical signals
neurons/nerve cells
hardest of the connective tissues, vascular tissue that provides structural framework of the body. Consists of cells embedded in a mineralized matrix
bone
dense bone that forms the external layer of all bone, provides protection and support
compact bone
area in which two bones come together, also called a “joint”
articulation
a joint in which synovial fluid is produced
synovial joint
