Handling & Restraint Flashcards
Goals of Restraint
Restrict the animal’s movement so medical/husbandry procedures may be performed.
Keep the animal and all personnel safe.
Use minimum amount of restraint necessary to prevent fear, pain, and suffering for the animal.
Types of Restraint
Manual Restraint
Mechanical Restraint
Chemical Restraint
“Less is more” approach of using your hands to hold/guide the animal in the desired position.
Cause the least amount of stress.
Manual Restraint
Employs equipment (muzzles, leashes, collars, blankets, restraint bags, poles).
May upset the animal so use only when manual restraint is insufficient or presents safety concerns (for the animal or the team).
Mechanical Restraint
Oral or injectable sedatives, tranquilizers, or anesthetics.
If manual and mechanical restraint causes safety/stress concerns.
Chemical Restraint
Dog anxious behaviors related to restraint/handling:
-increased attention
-tensing of muscles
-increased whining/barking
-pacing
-repetitive behaviors
-panting/trembling that can’t be assoicated with temperature
-anal glad release
-urination/defecation (in the exam/waiting room)
Safest, most effective, and most humane collar for all sizes/breeds.
Martingale Collar
Stainless steel links with a ring at each end.
Training Collar
Choke Chain
Most appropriate for daily home use but are unreliable for restraint.
Flat Collars (Nylon/Leather)
A nylon head halter that fits around the nose of the dog and behind its ears.
Used to control a dog’s head by allowing you to apply pressure to the side, thous turning the dog’s head when it pulls.
Prevent animal from pulling. Safe way to control strong dogs.
Gentle Leader
Promise Collar
Any device applied around a dog’s nose/mouth to prevent the animal from biting.
Muzzle
Long metal/heavy-duty plastic tubular handle with thick retractable wire inside.
Isn’t recommended unless a reactive/potentially dangerous dog has become loose —> can be traumatic.
Head Snares
Catch Pole
Typically used when dogs are compliant for minor procedures (such as exam or injection) or if they are comfortable in this position.
Standing Restraint
Dog restraint typically used for injections or forelimb venipuncture.
Sitting Restraint
Restraint used when dog needs to be more still (more control than standing).
Used for drawing blood from cephalic vein or placing an IV catheter.
Sternal Recumbency
Restraint that gives even more control than standing/sitting/sternal.
For drawing blood from or placing an IV catheter in the lateral saphenous vein.
Also good for a dog that can’t sit still.
Lateral Recumbency
Used for collecting blood or administering medications.
Venipuncture
Forelimb vein —> standing, sitting or sternal recumbency.
Cephalic Vein
Outside hindlimb vein —> standing or lateral recumbency.
Lateral Saphenous Vein
Vein in the neck —> standing, sitting, or sternal recumbency.
Jugular Vein
Inside hind leg vein.
Medial Saphenous Vein
Grasping cat by the scruff of its neck.
Mother cats move kittens by grasping each by their scruff with her mouth. The kitten’s instinct is to go limp and flighty curl its tail/body.
Fetal Hold
Laterally recumbent cat —> scruff with one hand and back legs are pulled with the other, brace cat’s spine against your forearm.
Cat Stretch
Clear plastic tube with access ports drilled in it for mice/rats (venipuncture possible through openings on side/bottom).
Acrylic Rodent Restrainer
A series of bars tied together like a non-rigid fence tied around the neck of a horse like a loose splint to prevent the horse from biting/licking itself.
Cradle
Long wooden handle with a loop of rope/stainless-steel chain at one end.
One of the oldest/simplest horse restraints.
Designed to stimulate a horse’s nerves and can cause a release of endorphins.
Small amount of pain to distract.
Use varying amounts of pressure.
Lip Twitch
Leather strap fasted around a horse’s legs to restrict movement and keep a horse from kicking.
Hobbles
Narrow enclosure that partially immobilizes a horse for treatment.
Stock
Holds the tail out of the way for examination for the rectum or vagina.
Should be tied only to the horse itself (not to anything else).
Tail Tie
Wedge-shaped structure that prevents horse from biting down while someone is examining/treating its mouth.
Mouth Gag
A long leather/rope with ~2 foot-length of chain and a snap hook at one end.
Chain Shank
Front of cattle chute opening that holds the cow’s head in place.
Stanchion
Large metal tongs with large ball-shaped ends serves to control the head of a cow when the halter isn’t sufficient.
Place ball-shaped ends into nostrils to gently squeeze the nasal septum.
Nose Lead
Long-handled metal rod with a large hook at one end that clips to the nose ring of a bull.
Bull Staff
Look like leg irons for cows —> 2 metal bands connected by a length of chain on the rear legs (just above the hocks) that prevents kicking.
Milking Hobbles
Method of lifting the tail to distract a cow from a procedure being performed elsewhere on its body.
Tail Jacking
Serves to place an animal on its side.
Casting Rope
Used to immobilize an individual sheep by placing the hook high up on a back leg then grab/hold quickly.
Shepard’s Crook
Flat shield-like piece of plastic/plywood about 3 feet square used to move pigs.
Hurdles
A large, long-handled clamp with a rope that hold the ends of the clamp shut used on pig.
Apply the clamp to one of the pig’s rear legs then pull the roll the rope to hold the clamp tight around the leg.
Pig Catcher
Look/function like dog snares. Often used to capture large pigs.
Snare has a long metal handle enclosing a rope/cable/chain loop that protrudes from one end of the handle.
Hog Snares
Look/function like dog snares. Often used to capture large pigs.
Snare has a long metal handle enclosing a rope/cable/chain loop that protrudes from one end of the handle.
Hog Snares
Rope with a loop at one end tied with a slip knot so that the look can be tightened.
Restrain a captured pig’s head.
Snubbing Rope
Net usually attached to the end of a long-handled wooden pole used to remove individual birds from the flock.
Catching Net
Hook (usually about 5 inches long) attached to a long-handled pole.
Loop hook around bird’s leg.
Catching Hook
