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MSK > Hand & Wrist > Flashcards

Hand & Wrist Flashcards

1
Q

What is the wrist comprised of

A

Distal radius
Triangular fibrocartilage complex
Scaphoid
Lunate

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2
Q

What type of joint is the wrist

A

Ellipsoid joint/Condyloid joint

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3
Q

What movements does the wrist enable

A

Flexion
Extension
Adduction
Abduction

at the wrist

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4
Q

Flexors of the wrist

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi radial is
Palmar is longus (weak flexor)

Long flexors:
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus

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5
Q

Extenders of the wrist

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris

Assistance:
Extensor digitorum
Extensor indices
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Abductor pollicis longus

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6
Q

What ligaments stabilises the wrist joint

A

Dorsal & palmar radiocarpal ligaments (dorsal-palmar surface)

Ulnar & radial collateral ligaments (ulnar-radial)

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7
Q

ADductor (ulnar deviation) of the wrist

A

Extensor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi ulnaris

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8
Q

ABductor of the wrist

A

Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Flexor carpi radialis

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9
Q

How is blood to the scaphoid supplied

A

Major supply (85%) is by the dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery.
It enters the dorsal surface of the scaphoid distally by retrograde flow.

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10
Q

What are the 4 compartments of the intrinsic muscles of the hand

A

Thenar compartment
Adductor compartment
Hyperthenar compartment
Central compartment

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11
Q

What are the 4 muscles in the Thenar compartment

A

Flexor pollicis brevis
ABductor pollicis brevis
Opponens pollicis

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12
Q

Innervation of the Thenar compartment

A

Median nerve
Except, flexor pollicis brevis (Ulnar nerve)

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13
Q

Muscle in the ADductor compartment

A

Adductor pollicis

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14
Q

Action of Opponens pollicis

A

Opposition of thumb

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15
Q

Action of ABductor pollicis brevis

A

Palmar ABduction of the thumb at the wrist

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16
Q

Action of Flexor pollicis brevis

A

Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint of the thumb at the wrist ?

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17
Q

Action of ADductor pollicis

A

Adduction of the thumb

18
Q

Muscles in the Hypothenar compartment

A

Extensor digiti minimi brevis
ABductor digiti minimi
Opponens digiti minimi

19
Q

Innervation of muscles in the Hypothenar compartment

A

Ulnar nerve

20
Q

Action of Opponens digiti minimi

A

Rotation of the 5th metacarpal towards the palm
Opposition against the thumb

21
Q

Action of ABductor digiti minimi

A

Abduction of little finger

22
Q

Action of Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint of little finger

22
Q

Action of Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Flexion of metacarpophalangeal joint of little finger

23
Q

Muscles int he Central compartment of the hand

A

Palmaris brevis
Palmar, dorsal interossei
4 lumbricals

24
Q

Innervation of the radial two lumbricals

A

Median nerve

25
Q

Innervation of the ulnar two lumbricals

A

Ulnar nerve

26
Q

Action of the Palmaris brevis

A

Improves grip
Wrinkles the skin of the Hypothenar eminence

27
Q

Action of thee four lumbricals in the hand

A

At contraction,
Flexion of the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joint & Extension at the interphaangeal joints

28
Q

Which lumbricals are unipeenate and what does this mean

A

Lumbricals I & II

All muscle fibres are on the same side of the tendon

29
Q

Which lumbricals are bipennate and what does this mean

A

Lumbricals III & IV

Muscle fibres on both sides of the tendon

30
Q

Origin of the Lumbricals

A

FDP (Flexor Digitorum profundus)

31
Q

Innervation of the Lumbricals

A

I & II: Median
III & IV: Ulnar

32
Q

Insertion of Lumbricals

A

ED (Extensor digitorum)

33
Q

Innervation of the interossei

A

Ulnar nerve

34
Q

Action of dorsal interossei

A

ABduciton

DAB

35
Q

Action of palmar interossei

A

ADduction

PAD

36
Q

What are the extrinsic muscles of the hand

A

Extensor digitorum
Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor digitorum superficialis

37
Q

Borders of the carpal tunnel

A

Roof: Flexor Retinaculum
Floor: Hamate, Capitate, Trapezoid, Trapezium

38
Q

Contents of the carpal tunnel

A

Flexor pollicis longus tendon
Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons (×4)
Flexor digitorum profundus tendons (×4)
Median nerve

39
Q

What are the muscles in posterior compartment of the forearm

A

Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Anconeus

MSK (16 decks)

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