hand + neuropathies Flashcards by Brooke Ryerson

palmaris brevis origin

palmar aponeurosis and the flexor retinaculum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

palmaris brevis insertion

skin on ulnar side of the palm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

palmaris brevis action

wrinkles + tenses the skin over the hypothenar (pinky) eminence

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

palmaris brevis innervation

superficial branch of ulnar n

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

canal of guyon contents

ulnar n, ulnar a, ulnar v

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

abductor pollicis brevis origin

flexor retinaculum + tubercle of the trapezium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

abductor pollicis brevis insertion

base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

abductor pollicis brevis action

abducts the thumb

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

abductor pollicis brevis innervation

recurrent branch of median n

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

flexor pollicis brevis origin

deep head: trapezoid + capitate
superficial head: flexor retinaculum + tubercle of trapezium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

opponens pollicis origin

flexor retinaculum, scaphoid + trapezium

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

opponens pollicis insertion

entire lat. border of 1st metacarpal

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

opponens pollicis action

opposes the thumb to the other fingers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

opponens pollicis innervation

recurrent branch of median n

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

abductor digiti minimi brevis origin

pisiform bone + flexor carpi ulnaris tendon

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

abductor digiti minimi brevis insertion

base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

abductor digiti minimi brevis action

abducts the little finger

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

abductor digiti minimi brevis innervation

deep branch ulnar n

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

flexor digiti minimi origin

hamulus of the hamate + flexor retinaculum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

flexor digiti minimi insertion

base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

flexor digiti minimi action

flexes the little finger

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

flexor digiti minimi innervation

deep branch ulnar n

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

opponens digiti minimi origin

hamulus of hamate + flexor retinaculum

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

opponens digiti minimi insertion

medial side of digit 5

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

opponens digiti minimi action

brings little finger into opposition w/the thumb

opponens digiti minimi innervation

deep branch ulnar n

lumbricals origin

tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

lumbricals insertion

radial side of dorsal digital expansion for digits 2-5

lumbricals action

flexion of MCP + extension of PIP + DIP joints

lumbricals 1-2 innervation

recurrent median n

lumbricals 3-4 innervation

deep ulnar n

adductor pollicis origin

oblique head: capitate + base of metacarpal 2-3 transverse head: palmar surface of metacarpal 3

adductor pollicis insertion

common insertion of ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

adductor pollicis action

adducts thumb

adductor pollicis innervation

deep ulnar branch n

palmar interossei 1 origin

ulnar side of metacarpal 2

palmar interossei 2 + 3 origin

radial side of metacarpals 4 + 5

palmar interossei 1 insertion

ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx digit 2

palmar interossei 2 + 3 insertion

radial side of base of proximal phalanges digits 4 + 5

palmar interossei action

adduct digits 2, 4, + 5

palmar interossei innervation

deep branch ulnar n

dorsal interossei origin

arise by two heads from adjacent sides of the metacarpals

dorsal interossei digits 2-3 insertion

radial side of the bases of proximal phalanges and dorsal digital expansion digits 2-3

dorsal interossei digits 3-4 insertion

ulnar side of bases of proximal phalanges + dorsal digital expansion of digits 3-4

dorsal interossei action

abduct medial 4 digits + assists lumbricals

dorsal interossei innervation

deep branch ulnar n

neurapraxia

interruption of nerve conduction without loss of continuity of axon

what is another name for neurapraxia?

saturday night palsy

axonotmesis

axonal degeneration

neurotmesis

nerve is completely disrupted by contusion, traction, or lacerations

What is usually the cause of brachial plexus lesions?

Trama related events

Cardinal signs of brachial plexus injuries

Weakness in arm, diminished reflexes + sensory deficits

Erb-Duchenne Palsy

Effects C5/C6 spinal roots/superior trunk. Motor + sensory deficits.

What is another name for Erb-Duchenne Palsy?

Waiters tip deformity

Who is most affected by Erb-Duchenne Palsy? + why?

Infants due to trama during birth

How does Erb-Duchenne Palsy present?

Abduct + externally rotate humerus. Paresis or paralysis

What muscles does Erb-Duchenne Palsy effect?

Brachioradialis, ECRL, scapula muscles, Teres minor + major

Hypesthesia

Decreased sensitivity of shoulder

Dejerine-Klumpke

Involves T1 more than C8. Motor deficit of intrinsic hand muscles

What is another name for Dejerine-Klumpke?

“Claw hand” deformity

What muscles are affected by Dejerine-Klumpke?

FDS, FDP, FCR, FCU, + FPL

Horner’s syndrome

Drooping eyelid (ptosis), unequal pupil sizes, decreased sweating on affected side of face (anhydrosis)

Where is sensation disturbed in Horner’s syndrome?

Lower lesions

What causes arm hyper abduction?

Parturition trauma

Pope’s hand

Thenar atrophy. Can’t FLEX digits 2 + 3

Ulnar claw hand

Hypothenar atrophy. Can’t EXTEND digits 4 + 5

Thoracic outlet syndrome causes

Physical trauma, repetitive strain injuries (overhead), anatomical defects

Long thoracic nerve lesions

C5-C7, paralysis, causes winging of scapula

What causes long thoracic n lesions?

Injury from sports, breast cancer surgery, carrying heavy bags over shoulder

Axillary n lesions

C5-C6, atrophy of deltoid, Teres minor paralysis

What causes Axillary n lesions?

Anterior shoulder dislocation, compression of quadrangular space, surgical neck of humerus fracture

suprascapular n lesions

C5-C6, common motor deficits, no sensory deficits

what causes suprascapular n lesions?

shoulder dislocation

musculocutaneous n lesions

C5-C7. motor deficit, upper BP lesion, traumatic etiology

radial n lesions

C5-T1. distal lesions effect wrist, proximal lesions effect triceps

what is another name for distal radial n lesions?

wrist drop

what causes radial n lesions?

trauma, chronic pressure, compression syndromes

causes of radial paralysis

humerus fraction, using crutches, falling on arm, tight bracelet/watch

crutch palsy

wrist + triceps paralysis from radial n

median n lesions

C5-T1. high lesion effects FDP + FCU

preacher's hand/benediction sign

patient cannot make a fist. proximal lesion of median n

bottle sign

patient unable to oppose thumb. distal lesions of median n

carpal tunnel syndrome

swelling of tunnel, swelling of fascia around tunnel, + swelling of tendons in tunnel

what is the most common cause of carpal tunnel syndrome?

occupational stress for people that use wrists a lot

brachialgia paresthetica nocturna

arm pain/numbness at night. common with carpal tunnel syndrome

Nevin's syndrome

patient unable to flex distal thumb + index finger to make an "o" shape. AIN lesion from median n

ulnar n lesions

C8-T1. muscular atrophy

cubital varus

internal rotation of elbow

cubital valgus

external rotation of elbow