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Anatomy 1 Upper Extremity- PCCF tri 1 > hand + neuropathies > Flashcards

hand + neuropathies Flashcards

1
Q

palmaris brevis origin

A

palmar aponeurosis and the flexor retinaculum

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2
Q

palmaris brevis insertion

A

skin on ulnar side of the palm

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3
Q

palmaris brevis action

A

wrinkles + tenses the skin over the hypothenar (pinky) eminence

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4
Q

palmaris brevis innervation

A

superficial branch of ulnar n

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5
Q

canal of guyon contents

A

ulnar n, ulnar a, ulnar v

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6
Q

abductor pollicis brevis origin

A

flexor retinaculum + tubercle of the trapezium

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7
Q

abductor pollicis brevis insertion

A

base of proximal phalanx of the thumb

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8
Q

abductor pollicis brevis action

A

abducts the thumb

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9
Q

abductor pollicis brevis innervation

A

recurrent branch of median n

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10
Q

flexor pollicis brevis origin

A

deep head: trapezoid + capitate
superficial head: flexor retinaculum + tubercle of trapezium

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11
Q

opponens pollicis origin

A

flexor retinaculum, scaphoid + trapezium

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12
Q

opponens pollicis insertion

A

entire lat. border of 1st metacarpal

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13
Q

opponens pollicis action

A

opposes the thumb to the other fingers

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14
Q

opponens pollicis innervation

A

recurrent branch of median n

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15
Q

abductor digiti minimi brevis origin

A

pisiform bone + flexor carpi ulnaris tendon

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16
Q

abductor digiti minimi brevis insertion

A

base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

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17
Q

abductor digiti minimi brevis action

A

abducts the little finger

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18
Q

abductor digiti minimi brevis innervation

A

deep branch ulnar n

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19
Q

flexor digiti minimi origin

A

hamulus of the hamate + flexor retinaculum

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20
Q

flexor digiti minimi insertion

A

base of proximal phalanx of digit 5

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21
Q

flexor digiti minimi action

A

flexes the little finger

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22
Q

flexor digiti minimi innervation

A

deep branch ulnar n

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23
Q

opponens digiti minimi origin

A

hamulus of hamate + flexor retinaculum

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24
Q

opponens digiti minimi insertion

A

medial side of digit 5

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25
Q

opponens digiti minimi action

A

brings little finger into opposition w/the thumb

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26
Q

opponens digiti minimi innervation

A

deep branch ulnar n

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27
Q

lumbricals origin

A

tendons of flexor digitorum profundus

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28
Q

lumbricals insertion

A

radial side of dorsal digital expansion for digits 2-5

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29
Q

lumbricals action

A

flexion of MCP + extension of PIP + DIP joints

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30
Q

lumbricals 1-2 innervation

A

recurrent median n

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31
Q

lumbricals 3-4 innervation

A

deep ulnar n

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32
Q

adductor pollicis origin

A

oblique head: capitate + base of metacarpal 2-3
transverse head: palmar surface of metacarpal 3

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33
Q

adductor pollicis insertion

A

common insertion of ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb

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34
Q

adductor pollicis action

A

adducts thumb

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35
Q

adductor pollicis innervation

A

deep ulnar branch n

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36
Q

palmar interossei 1 origin

A

ulnar side of metacarpal 2

37
Q

palmar interossei 2 + 3 origin

A

radial side of metacarpals 4 + 5

38
Q

palmar interossei 1 insertion

A

ulnar side of base of proximal phalanx digit 2

39
Q

palmar interossei 2 + 3 insertion

A

radial side of base of proximal phalanges digits 4 + 5

40
Q

palmar interossei action

A

adduct digits 2, 4, + 5

41
Q

palmar interossei innervation

A

deep branch ulnar n

42
Q

dorsal interossei origin

A

arise by two heads from adjacent sides of the metacarpals

43
Q

dorsal interossei digits 2-3 insertion

A

radial side of the bases of proximal phalanges and dorsal digital expansion digits 2-3

44
Q

dorsal interossei digits 3-4 insertion

A

ulnar side of bases of proximal phalanges + dorsal digital expansion of digits 3-4

45
Q

dorsal interossei action

A

abduct medial 4 digits + assists lumbricals

46
Q

dorsal interossei innervation

A

deep branch ulnar n

47
Q

neurapraxia

A

interruption of nerve conduction without loss of continuity of axon

48
Q

what is another name for neurapraxia?

A

saturday night palsy

49
Q

axonotmesis

A

axonal degeneration

50
Q

neurotmesis

A

nerve is completely disrupted by contusion, traction, or lacerations

51
Q

What is usually the cause of brachial plexus lesions?

A

Trama related events

52
Q

Cardinal signs of brachial plexus injuries

A

Weakness in arm, diminished reflexes + sensory deficits

53
Q

Erb-Duchenne Palsy

A

Effects C5/C6 spinal roots/superior trunk. Motor + sensory deficits.

54
Q

What is another name for Erb-Duchenne Palsy?

A

Waiters tip deformity

55
Q

Who is most affected by Erb-Duchenne Palsy? + why?

A

Infants due to trama during birth

56
Q

How does Erb-Duchenne Palsy present?

A

Abduct + externally rotate humerus. Paresis or paralysis

57
Q

What muscles does Erb-Duchenne Palsy effect?

A

Brachioradialis, ECRL, scapula muscles, Teres minor + major

58
Q

Hypesthesia

A

Decreased sensitivity of shoulder

59
Q

Dejerine-Klumpke

A

Involves T1 more than C8. Motor deficit of intrinsic hand muscles

60
Q

What is another name for Dejerine-Klumpke?

A

“Claw hand” deformity

61
Q

What muscles are affected by Dejerine-Klumpke?

A

FDS, FDP, FCR, FCU, + FPL

62
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A

Drooping eyelid (ptosis), unequal pupil sizes, decreased sweating on affected side of face (anhydrosis)

63
Q

Where is sensation disturbed in Horner’s syndrome?

A

Lower lesions

64
Q

What causes arm hyper abduction?

A

Parturition trauma

65
Q

Pope’s hand

A

Thenar atrophy. Can’t FLEX digits 2 + 3

66
Q

Ulnar claw hand

A

Hypothenar atrophy. Can’t EXTEND digits 4 + 5

67
Q

Thoracic outlet syndrome causes

A

Physical trauma, repetitive strain injuries (overhead), anatomical defects

68
Q

Long thoracic nerve lesions

A

C5-C7, paralysis, causes winging of scapula

69
Q

What causes long thoracic n lesions?

A

Injury from sports, breast cancer surgery, carrying heavy bags over shoulder

70
Q

Axillary n lesions

A

C5-C6, atrophy of deltoid, Teres minor paralysis

71
Q

What causes Axillary n lesions?

A

Anterior shoulder dislocation, compression of quadrangular space, surgical neck of humerus fracture

72
Q

suprascapular n lesions

A

C5-C6, common motor deficits, no sensory deficits

73
Q

what causes suprascapular n lesions?

A

shoulder dislocation

74
Q

musculocutaneous n lesions

A

C5-C7. motor deficit, upper BP lesion, traumatic etiology

75
Q

radial n lesions

A

C5-T1. distal lesions effect wrist, proximal lesions effect triceps

76
Q

what is another name for distal radial n lesions?

A

wrist drop

77
Q

what causes radial n lesions?

A

trauma, chronic pressure, compression syndromes

78
Q

causes of radial paralysis

A

humerus fraction, using crutches, falling on arm, tight bracelet/watch

79
Q

crutch palsy

A

wrist + triceps paralysis from radial n

80
Q

median n lesions

A

C5-T1. high lesion effects FDP + FCU

81
Q

preacher’s hand/benediction sign

A

patient cannot make a fist. proximal lesion of median n

82
Q

bottle sign

A

patient unable to oppose thumb. distal lesions of median n

83
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

swelling of tunnel, swelling of fascia around tunnel, + swelling of tendons in tunnel

84
Q

what is the most common cause of carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

occupational stress for people that use wrists a lot

85
Q

brachialgia paresthetica nocturna

A

arm pain/numbness at night. common with carpal tunnel syndrome

86
Q

Nevin’s syndrome

A

patient unable to flex distal thumb + index finger to make an “o” shape. AIN lesion from median n

87
Q

ulnar n lesions

A

C8-T1. muscular atrophy

88
Q

cubital varus

A

internal rotation of elbow

89
Q

cubital valgus

A

external rotation of elbow

Anatomy 1 Upper Extremity- PCCF tri 1 (10 decks)

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