Hand Flashcards
Joint located between metacarpals and phalanges, how many planes?
Metacarpo-phalangeal joint (MCP), two planes
Joint located between phalanges, how many planes?
Interphalangeal joint (IP), one plain Digits 2-5 have DIP and PIP
Cephalic and basilic veins feed into
Superficial dorsal venous network
Extensor retinaculum, a thickening of the antebrachial fascia that holds in place the tendons passing from the forearm into the hand
Synovial tendon sheath, covers tendons to reduce friction
The tendons of what muscles run together under the extensor retinaculum
- Abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis
- Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
- Extensor pollicis longus
- Extensor digitorum and extensor indicis
- Extensor digiti minimi
- Extensor carpi ulnaris
The tendons of the hands fan out to form:
Distal digital expansions
Condition that occurs when an extensor tendon is ruptured at the distap interphalangeal joint,
Mallet finger
This disorder is the thickening of and shortening of the palmar apaneurosis
Dupuytrene contracture
Contents of thenar compartment
Thenar muscles that abduct and oppose the thumb (extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis brevis, opponens pollicis), innervated by the recurrent branch of median nerve
Contents of central compartment
Tendonds of flexor digitorum superficialis and profundus, lumbricals 1-4
Components of hypothenar compartment
Hypothenar muscles that flex, abduct, and oppose digit 5 (abductor digiti minimi, flexor digiti minimi brevis, and opponens digiti minimi), innervated by deep branch of ulnar nerve
- Opponensdigitiminimi
- Action: Opposes 5thdigit to thumb
- Proximal attachment: Hook of hamate and flexor retinaculum
- Distal attachment: 5thmetacarpal
Potential spaces in the palm
Thenar and midpalmar spaces
Carpal tunnel - carpal bones form floor and sides, flexor retinaculum forms roof
Contents of carpal tunnel
Fkexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, median nerve
What causes ulnar claw
Ulnar compression paralyzes lumbricals - causes hyperextension of MCP joint (unchecked extensor digitorum) and flexion of IP joint (unopossed flexion of flexor digitorum profundus)
What causes the hand of benediction
Damage to median nerve at elbow - flexor digitorum profundus and lateral 2 lumbricals non function so extension of digits 2, 3 when making a fist
Actions of ulnar artery
Enters the hand on palmar surface through Guyon’s canal (lateral to ulnar nerve), gives rise to the deep palmar branch and continues as the superficial palmar arch, which gives rise to three common palmar digital arteries
Actions of radial artery
The radial artery enters the palm through the anatomical snuffbox, where if joins with the deep branch fo the ulnar artery to form the deep palmar arch. The deep arch gives rise to the palmar metacarpal arteries, the princeps pollicis artery, and radial indicis artery
Hand muscles supplied by radial nerve
NONE, only supplies skin over lateral aspect, half of dorsal part of proximal 1/2 of digitis 1, 2, 3
