Halogenoalkanes Flashcards
primary halogenoalkane
one carbon attached to the carbon atom bonded with halogen
seconday halogenoalkane
two carbons attached to the carbon atom
tertiary halogenoalkane
three carbons attached to the carbon atom
reactions of halogenoalkanes
substituition
elimination
nucleophillic substitution reaction
swapping a halogeno for another atom or group of atoms
nucleophile
electron pair donator
common nucleophiles
OH-
NH3
CN-
Nucleophillic substitution with aqeuous hydroxide ions change in function group
halogeoalkane -> alcohol
Nucleophillic substitution with aqeuous hydroxide ions : reagent and condition
reagent: potassium hydoxide
condition:
(aq), heat under reflux
Nucleophillic substitution with aqeuous hydroxide ions : mechanism
nucleophillic substituition
why is aqeuous condition needed
if solvent is changed to ethanol then a elimination reaction occurs
nucloephillic substituition with ammonia: change in funcitional group
halogenoalkane-> amine
nucloephillic substituition with ammonia: REAGENT AND CONDITION
reagent: NH3, dissolved in ethanol
condition: heating under pressure in sealed tube
halogenoalkane with ammonia: mechanism
nucleophillic substiution
halogenoalkane with alcoholic hydroxide ions: change in functional groyp
halogenoalkane-> alkene
halogenoalkane with alcoholic hydroxide ions: reagent and condition
reagent: potassium hydroxide
condition: in ethanol, heat
halogenoalkane with alcoholic hydroxide ions: mechanism
elimination
role of OH- in reaction of halogenoalkane with alcoholic hydroxide ions
base
uses of halogenoalkanes
refrigerants
pesticides
aersol propellants
