Half term -1 Flashcards
What are 3 conclusions drawn from the alpha scattering experiments?
- Most of the atom was empty space.
2.There is a concentrated area of positive charge in the atom.
3.Atoms contain a very small, heavy mass.
Who discovered the electron?
J. J Thompson
Who discovered the proton?
Ernest Rutherford
Who discovered the neutron?
James Chadwick
When was the proton discovered?
1917
When was the electron discovered?
1897
When was the neutron discovered?
1932
Where does the word ‘atom’ come from?
The Greek word ‘atomos’ meaning indivisible
What is the relative mass of a proton?
1
What is the relative mass of a neutron?
1
What is the relative mass of an electron?
0 (negligible)
What is the relative charge of a proton?
+1
What is the relative charge of a neutron?
No charge
What is the relative charge of an electron?
-1
How do you calculate the amount of protons in an atom?
the atomic number
How do you calculate the amount of neutrons in an atom?
Mass number-atomic number
How do you calculate the number of electrons in an atom?
The atomic number
What are isotopes?
atoms with the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons
They have the same atomic number but a different mass number
What subatomic particle determines which type of atom an atom is?
protons (all atoms with 6 protons are carbon atoms)
What are group 1 elements called?
alkali metals
What are group 7 elements called?
Halogens
What are group 0 elements called?
Noble gases
What are group 2 elements called?
alkali earth metals
What are the 3 types of bonding?
Covalent
Ionic
Metallic
Covalent bonding is where…
atoms share electrons so they have full outer shells
Does covalent bonding happen between metals or non-metals?
Non metals
ionic bonding is where…
electrons are transferred between atoms so that they have a full outer shell
Does ionic bonding happen between metals or non-metals
between a metal and a non-metal
Does metallic bonding happen between metals or non-metals
metals
How does the boiling point of noble gases change as you move down the group?
it increases
What is the trend in melting point as you move down the alkali metals?
the melting point decreases
As you move down the alkali metals what is the trend in reactivity?
They get more reactive as you move down the group
What is the trend in melting point as you move down the halogens?
the melting point increases as you move down the group
What is the trend in reactivity as you move down the halogens/
The reactivity decreases
