HAL unknowns Flashcards
does the bicep long head tendon have its own synovial sheath
yes
what is the bicep long head tendon’s synovial sheath a continuation of and what does it help do
continuation of the joint synovium to help it slide over the humerus
what bursa is between the acromion and supraspinatus
subacromial bursa
what is the bursa between the capsule and subscapularis muscle
subtendionous bursa of subscapularis
what are the names of the medial and lateral coracolavicular ligaments
conoid = medial trapezoid = lateral
what are the discrete extracapsular ligaments of the shoulder girdle
acromioclavicular ligament
coracoclavicular ligaments
what is the coracoacromial ligament’s role
brace the humerus superiorly
what bursa is deep to the coracoacromial ligament
subacromial bursa
what happens to the tendon of the long head of bicep brachii if the transverse humeral ligament is disrupted
subluxes anteriorly
what is the landmark that marks the transition of the subclavian artery to the axillary artery
lateral border of rib 1
what is the landmark that marks the transition of the axillary artery to the brachial artery
inf border of teres major
the brachial plexus comes from which nerve roots
C5-T1
what does the axillary nerve supply in terms of muscle
deltoid muscle
what does the musculocutaneous nerve supply in terms of muscle
entire anterior compartment of the arm
what path does the radial nerve take
posterior route and spirals around shaft of humerus to emerge laterally at the cubital fossa
what does the lesser trochanter act as an attachment for in terms of muscle
iliopsoas
what does the greater trochanter act as an attachment for in terms of muscle
gluteus med/min and piriformis
what is the trochanteric fossa and what inserts here
depression within the medial aspect of the greater trochanter
short external rotators of hip inserts
where is the PSIS located
near the SI joint
where is the ischial spine located
downwards of the GSN
where is the pubic tubercle located
near the pubic symph
the acetabular foramen is formed by which ligament and how
ligamentum teres
pass to the fovea of the femur
what are the 2 factors that determine the difference between the male and female pelvis
pelvic inlet and subpubic angle
describe the attachment of the hip joint capsule
from rim of acetabulum medially to the intertrochanteric anterolaterally the greater trochanter and the neck of the femur posterolaterally
what are the 3 associated ligaments of the hip joint capsule
iliofemoral
pubofemoral
ischiofemoral
what are the 2 ligaments that are not part of the hip joint capsule
sacrotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments
what does the hip joint capsule limit in terms of movement
all limit extension of hip
what movements are limited by the ischiofemoral ligament
adduction and medial rotation
what movements are limited by the iliofemoral ligament
adduction and abduction (superior and inferior bands respectively)
what movements are limited by the pubofemoral ligament
abduction and lateral rotation
the major arteries in the pelvis are known as the _____ arteries and each one divides into ___ and ___ artery
common iliac arteries
internal and external iliac arteries
the deep branch of the femoral artery goves off which 2 arteries
medial and lateral circumflex arteries
what are the path of arteries in the femoral neck region
profunda femoris artery
lateral and medial circumflex artery
retinacular arteries
the femoral nerve is made of which nerve roots
L2-4
what does the femoral nerve supply
anterior compartment of the thigh
the base of the femoral triangle is formed by which ligament
inguinal ligament
what are the vessels proximal to the inguinal ligament
external iliac artery and vein
the sciatic nerve supply what muscles
posterior compartment of the thing and everything below the knee
which nerve roots does the sciatic nerve originate from
L4-S4 of the lumbar and sacral plexus
The tendon long head bicep brachii attach to what 2 structures in the shoulder
supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
glenoid labrum
what does the short head bicep brachii attach to
coracoid
what muscle attaches onto the lesser tubercle
subscapularis
what nerve roots does the brachial plexus originate from
C5-T1
what is the fovea capitis
pit in the femoral head
what passes through the acetabula foramen
ligamentus teres
where does the ligamentum teres insert into
fovea capitis
what 2 hip ligaments are on the anterior and which is on the posterior aspect
anterior = iliofemoral and pubofemoral
posterior = ischiofemoral
what nerve roots does the femoral plexus originate from
L2-4
what nerve roots does the sacral plexus originate from
L4-S4
what does the femoral plexus supply
anterior compartment of thigh
how does the ureters travel relative to the psoas, pelvic brim and transverse process
inferior to psoas
cross pelvic brim to the post aspect of bladder
descend with Lspine transverse processes
what bifurcation does the ureter cross
bifurcation of iliac artery
what ribs are the kidneys located behind
left = 11/12 right = 12
what ribs are the liver located behind
5/6
what ribs are the gall bladder located behind
costal cartilage of the right 9th rib in the midlcavicular line
what are the paraaortic arteries
renal left and right veins
why is the left renal vein longer than the right
it has to pass across the midline to the IVC on the right
how does the left renal vein travel relative to the SMA and aorta
under SMA and over aorta
what vertebrae levels does the celiac trunk begin at
T12-L1
what vertebrae levels does the SMA begin at
L1
what vertebrae levels does the IMA begin at
L3
what vertebrae levels does the abdominal aorta branch at
L4
what vertebrae levels does the IVC branch at
L5
what organs are supplied by the celiac trunk as part of the foregut
distal esophagus to 1/2 duodenum
liver/spleen/pancreas
what organs are supplied by the SMA as part of the midgut
distal 1/2 duodenum to 2/3 transv colon
what organs are supplied by the IMA as part of the hindgut
distal 1/3 transv colon to rectum
what movements are allowed by the atlato-occipital
ext/flex and slight lateral flex
what does the transv atlantal lig allow
keeps dens in place
what movements are allowed by the C1/2 joint
rotation
what arch does the dens lie on
anterior arch
what is the thing that only the C spine has
transverse foramen
what joints do the unicate joints form
uncovertable joints
what do synovial joints allow and limit
flex/ext
limit lat flex/rot
what is the epiglottis made of
elastic cartilage
what vertebral level are the hyoid and carotid bifurcation at
C3/4
what vertebral level are the oesophagus and trachea begin at
C5/6
what 3 things travel in the carotid sheath
vagus nerve
IJV
carotid artery
what does the phrenic nerve travel relative to in terms of muscle and vessels
over anterior scalene muscles
between subclavian a/v each side
what nerve roots form the cervical plexus and what does it supply
C1-4
neck
what nerve roots form the brachial plexus and what does it supply
C5-T1
upper limb
what is the difference in the T1 vertebrae anatomy
complete facet not hemifacet as theres no vertebra above it for rib to articulate with
what is the difference in the T10-12 vertebrae anatomy
vertebral bodies large so ribs only articualte with their own level vertebrae
what is the difference in the 12th rib anatomy
one facet on body not TP facet
what movements does the T spine limit and allow
limit = flex/ext
allow = twist/lateral bend
what movements does the L spine limit and allow
allow = flex/ext
limit = twist/lateral bend
where is the anterior long lig thicker and narrower in
T spine
where is the posterior long lig thicker and broader in
L spine
what is DISH in terms of where fusion is
anterior fusion
what is AS in terms of where fusion is
what joints are involved
lat/post fusion
whole IV disc periphery and SI joint
what does the sacral hiatus allow access to
sinal canal
what does allows access to the spinal canal
intervetebral foramen of L spine
what nerve roots form the lumbar plexus
T12-L4
what does the lumbar plexus form in in terms of muscle
psoas major
what does the lumbar plexus supply
Ant thigh musc/anteromed thigh&med leg skin
what nerve roots form the sacral plexus
where does it emerge from
L4-S4
anterior sacral foramina
what does the sacral plexus form anterior to
piriformis
what does the sacral plexus exit via
GSF
is lumbar or sacral nerve root compression more common
why
lumbar as sacral is more immobile and stable
