Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

203 MEDIMAGE - HAL > 2. Femur & Pelvis > Flashcards

2. Femur & Pelvis Flashcards

1
Q

what is the head of femur covered with

A

hyaline cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the fovea capitis

A

pit in the head of the femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where does the ligamentum teres insert

A

into the fovea capitis of the head of femur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the intertrochanteric line and is it more on the anterior or posterior surface

A

the line between the greater and lesser trochanter

anterior surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the trochanteric fossa and is it more on the lateral/medial aspect

A

depression in the medial aspect of the greater trochanter

medial aspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

neck of the femur is articular true or false

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

the greater trochanter is the bump of bone on the lateral/medial aspect

A

lateral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

which 3 muscles attaches to the greater trochanter

A

gluteus med/minimus and piriformis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

the lesser trochanter is found more distally/proximally and is more on the anterior/posterior aspect of the femur

A

distally

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what attaches to the lesser trochanter

A

iliopsoas muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the intertrochanteric crest and is it located more anteriorly or posteriorly

A

defined crest of bone that joins the two trochanters posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where does the short external rotators of the hip insert

A

at the trochanteric fossa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the linea aspera and is it located posteriorly or anteriorly

A

ridge of bone extending the length of the shaft posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what attaches to the linea aspera

A

muscles of the thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

the head of the femur articulates with what part of the pelvis

A

the acetabulum of the pelvis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

muscles of what region help stabilise the femur and what are their 2 functions

A

gluteal region

move the hip joint and stabilise the pelvis during locomotion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

do you have more lateral rotation medially or laterally

A

roughly similar

30* lateral and 40* medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

flexion is created by muscles that pass anterior/posterior to the hip joint

A

anterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

what happens to your range of motion of rotation medially and laterally when you flex your knee

A

medial rotation decreases but lateral rotation increases significantly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

extension is created by muscles that pass anterior/posterior to the hip joint

A

posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

do you have more lateral rotation or medial when you rotate with a extended femur

A

lateral rotation decreased compared to flexed hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

is there a greater range of abduction and adduction on a flexed or extended hip

A

greater abduction and less adduction for flexed hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is circumduction of the femur

A

composite movement created by putting all movements together

circling thigh and leg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

each hemipelvis is composed of 3 major components what are these

and what portion of the pelvis are they located at (eg superior/posterior/inferior/anterior)

A

ilium - superiorly

ischium - inferior and posteriorly

pubis - inferiorly and anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
what are the 5 bony landmarks found on the ilium
``` iliac crest iliac fossa ASIS PSIS GSN ```
26
what is the ASIS and PSIS
Anterior and posterior superior iliac spine
27
what is the GSN
greater sciatic notch
28
what are the 2 bony landmarks found on the ischium
ischial tuberosity | ischial spine
29
what are the 2 bony landmarks found on the pubis
pubic tubercle | pubic symphisis
30
on the pelvis where is the iliac crest
top most border of the pelvis
31
which 2 bony landmarks is the GSN found between
PSIS and ischial spine
32
which is located lower down the ischial spine or the tuberosity
ischial tuberosity
33
the 2 iliac crests articulate anteriorly/posteriorly with the alae of the sacrum and anteriorly/posteriorly with each other at the pubic symphysis creating a ring
posteriorly with the alae of the sacrum and anteriorly with each other at the pubic symphysis
34
what is contained in the pelvis of the body
abdominal viscera - small/large bowels pelvic viscera - bladder, rectum, vagina, uterus, internal genitalia of males and females
35
the ilium, pubis and ischium are all joined where
at the acetabulum
36
what type of cartilage lines the acetabulum and is it a continuous ring
hyaline cartilage crescent shape non-continuous ring
37
what is the name of the surface of the cartilage in the acetabulum
lunate surface
38
what is the portion in the middle of the lunate surface called and what is significant about its structure
acetabular fossa devoid of cartilage
39
what is the acetabular notch
space between 2 free ends of the lunate surface/acetabular cartilage
40
what is ligament forms the acetabular foramen with the acetabular notch
transverse acetabular ligament
41
what passes through the acetabular foramen
ligamentum teres
42
what passes through the obturator foramen
obturator nerve and obturator artery
43
what forms the obturator foramen
pubic and ischial bones
44
what effect does trauma have on the ring structure of the pelvic bones and sacrum
if it breaks in one place it usually breaks/dislocates in another place as well
45
what is the difference between female and male pevlises
females have a rounder pelvic inlet and a subpubic angle larger than 90* males have a pelvic inlet that is heart shaped and narrower and a subpubic angle smaller than 90*
46
The hip joint is a ___ joint
synovial joint
47
what is the hip joint composed of in terms of the inner and outer layers
synovial inner layer fibrous capsular outer layer
48
what are the 3 ligaments of the hip joint capsule
pubofemoral iliofemoral ischiofemoral
49
describe the attachments of the hip joint
from the acetabulum rim medially to the intertrochanteric line (anterolaterally) the greater trochanter and the neck of the femur (posterolaterally)
50
what movements does the ischiofemoral ligament limit
limits adduction and medial rotation
51
what movements does the iliofemoral ligament limit
limits adduction and abduction (superior and inferior bands respectively)
52
what movements does the pubofemoral ligament limit
limits abduction and lateral rotation
53
what are the two other ligaments that stabilise the hip joint and pelvis
sacrospinous sacrotuberous
54
which ligaments form the greater and lesser sciatic foramina with the G/LSNs
sacrospinous & sacrotuberous ligaments
55
what ligament prevents the femoral head from dislocating
transverse acetabular ligament
56
what is the function of the ligamentum teres normally and what is its function during development
maintains femoral head in the acetabulum during development it helps supply arteries to the developing femoral head
57
what is the artery that accompanies the ligamentum teres and delivers blood to the femoral head and when is this artery functional
obturator artery during childhood
58
what is the major artery in the pelvis
common iliac artery
59
what are the 2 arteries that the common iliac artery split into
internal and external iliac artery
60
what does the internal iliac artery supply
pelvic contents and gluteal region
61
what does the external iliac artery supply
entire lower limb
62
what artery does the external iliac artery become
femoral artery
63
the hip joint is supplied by a anastamotic network of arteries derived from what artery
deep branch of the femoral artery
64
what does anastamose mean
join together
65
what 2 arteries does the deep branch of the femoral artery give off
medial and lateral circumflex arteries
66
the medial and lateral circumflex arteries anastamose with eachother and some branches of which 2 arteries
superior and inferior gluteal arteries
67
what artery does the superior and inferior gluteal arteries come from
internal iliac artery
68
which bony landmark on the pelvis do the sup/inf gluteal arteries emerge from
Greater sciatic foramen
69
why is there a collateral network of arteries in the pelvis
Collateral network for redundancy so if one path is blocked, there are different paths, occlusion could be naturally from flexing elbow/knee etc
70
what is the purpose of an anastamotic network
provides collateral flow if occlusion occurs (pathological or non-pathological)
71
what is the path of arteries that blood flows through to get from the pelvis to the lower leg
common iliac into 1/ external iliac -> femoral (and splits into profunda femoris) 2/ internal ilac -> superior and inferior gluteal -> circumflex branches
72
what does the blood supply for the femoral head come from
retinacular arteries
73
how do the retinacular arteries supply the femoral head
pierce the capsule and runs along the femoral neck
74
what might critically compromise the retinacular arteries
femoral neck fracture leads to avascular necrosis to the femoral head
75
what is the path of the blood flow through the arteries to the femoral head
profunda femoris artery lateral and medial circumflex artery retinacular arteries
76
what 3 structures run in the femoral triangle (from lateral to medial)
``` femoral nerve (most lateral) femoral artery femoral vein (most medial) ```
77
the femoral nerve is made up of which nerve roots of which plexus
L2-4 nerve roots lumbar plexus
78
what muscles do the femoral nerve supply
muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh
79
what function do the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh have at the hip and knee
``` hip = flexion knee = extension ```
80
the base of the femoral triangle is formed by which ligament
inguinal ligament
81
proximal to the inguinal ligament are which femoral artery and vein
external iliac artery and vein
82
what are the 2 nerves in the pelvis
sciatic nerve and femoral nerve
83
what does the sciatic nerve supply
entire posterior compartment of the thigh (ham strings) and everything below the knee (except for some of the medial shin that is supplied by the femoral nerve)
84
which nerve roots do the sciatic nerve come from and which 2 plexus do they come from
L4-S4 nerve roots of the lumbar and sacral plexus
85
what is the sciatic nerves relationship to the hip joint
posterior to the hip joint
86
how does the sciatic nerve exit the pelvis to enter the gluteal region what position is its exit relative to the muscle (which muscle)
passes laterally through the greater sciatic foramen anterior to the piriformis
87
the GNS leads in/out of the pelvis and the LSN leads in/out of the pelvis
``` GSN = out LSN = in ```

203 MEDIMAGE - HAL (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions