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Cosmetics > Hair Cosmetic product > Flashcards

Hair Cosmetic product Flashcards

1
Q

It has always been an important element of personal adornment.

Face
Hair
Skin
Teeth

A

Hair

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2
Q

T or F
The attempt to satisfy the genuine needs of the consumer and the drive for competitive advantage among marketers has led to a variety of grooming aids and products, such as shampoos to cleanse the hair, hair conditioners to make it soft and combable, hair colorants and permanent waves to impart to hair properties it does not have, and hair sprays to keep hair in the desired style.

A

TRUE

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3
Q

The following are examples of Hair Care Cosmetics EXCEPT:

l. Shampoo
ll. Conditioner
lll. Dressings
lV. Styling Aids
V. Hair Waving, Hair Straightening, and Hair Coloring

I, ll
ll, lll, V
I,lll
V
NOTA

A

NOTA

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4
Q

Is clearly a dominant element of personal hygiene and, when reinforced by the aspect of attractive appearance, translates into a powerful and highly marketable stimulus. Kept in mind that although cleansing action is the fundamental assignment of a shampoo formulation, it is by no means the only goal.

Soaping
Cleansing
Drying
Coloring

A

Cleansing

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5
Q

T or F
Almost without exception, shampoos consist of an aqueous solution, emulsion, or dispersion of one or more surfactants together with some additives to enhance performance and aesthetic properties of the product.

A

TRUE

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6
Q

are used to provide fragrance and color, thicken, opacify, and convey specific tactile attributes.

Surfactants
Additives
Preservatives
Stabilizers

A

Additives

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7
Q

long-chain electrolytes and are usually classified according to the nature of their hydrophilic group, which may be anionic, nonionic, amphoteric, or cationic.

Additives
Stabilizer
Foam modifiers
Surfactants

A

Surfactants

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8
Q

Anionic surfactants that are salts of fatty acids.

in soft water: lather copiously, cleanse well, leave the hair in a well conditioned style.
in hard water: lather is poor, as soap combines w/ calcium or magnesium salts present in hard water it deposits on hair a dulling film.

Shampoo
Soaps
Conditioner
Cleanser

A

Soaps

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9
Q

the most widely used anionic in shampoos, displaying excellent foaming and cleansing properties unaffected by hard water.

Alkyl sulfates
Alkyl ether sulfates
Alkyl monoglyceride sulfates
Alkyl sulfosuccinates

A

Alkyl sulfates

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10
Q

It is the dominate ingredient being present in most shampoo formulations in the form of its ammonium or triethanol ammonium salt at a level of 6 to 18% w/w. Although very effective cleansers, the alkyl sulfates, particularly at high concentrations, have a tendency to irritate the scalp and remove some lipid constituents of hair cuticle.

sodium myreth sulfate
sodium pareth sulfate
lauryl sulfate
potassium alcohol sulfates

A

Lauryl sulfate

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11
Q

T or F
To make the alkyl sulfate-based shampoos milder, they are frequently modified by incorporation of less-irritating alkyl ether sulfates or amphoteric surfactants

A

True

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12
Q

are sulfated products of ethoxylated fatty alcohols, they are more water soluble than alkyl sulfates, are excellent solubilizers for fragrances and other oleophilic additives, and are particularly suitable for formulations of clear shampoos. Less irritating than the alkyl sulfates and are used, at a higher degree of ethoxylation, in baby shampoos.

Alkyl sulfates
Alkyl ether sulfates
Alkyl monoglyceride sulfates
Alkyl sulfosuccinates

A

Alkyl ether sulfates

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13
Q

are complex mixtures resulting from sulfonation of alphaolefins. These detergents exhibit excellent foaming in the presence of sebum, are effective over a wide range of pH, and compare favorably with other surfactants in dermal and eye irritation

Alkyl monoglyceride sulfates
Alkyl sulfosuccinates
Alpha-olefin sulfonates
Alkyl sulfates

A

Alpha-olefin sulfonates

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14
Q

T or F
Alkyl monoglyceride sulfates & Alkyl sulfosuccinates are both very mild to the skin and, although the former are good. Foamers and can be used in shampoo formulation, the latter are primarily used in combination with alkyl sulfates.

A

True

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15
Q

The following are examples of your Anionic Surfactants EXCEPT:

l. Alkyl monoglyceride sulfates and Alkyl sulfosuccinates
ll. Alkanolamides
lll. Alpha-olefin sulfonates
IV. Alkyl sulfates
V. NOTA

A

ll. Alkanolamides

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16
Q

They are the mildest of surfactants. Although poor foamers, owing to their good solubilizing and dispersing properties, they have been extensively utilized to supplement the action of the primary cleanser.

Anionic Surfactants
Nonionic Surfactants
Cationic Surfactants
Amphoteric Surfactants

A

Nonionic Surfactants

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17
Q

An example of nonionic surfactants prepared by condensation of fatty acid (usually lauric) and primary or secondary alkanolamines. Their presence in a shampoo formulation can stabilize the foam level and improve lather consistency.

Amino oxides
Alkanolamides
Primary alkonolamines
Secondary alkonolamines

A

Alkanolamides

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18
Q

are formed by oxidation of tertiary fatty amines and are used in shampoos primarily as foam modifiers and as antistatic agents to improve the overall manageability of hair.

A

Amino oxides

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19
Q

Represent the largest group of nonionics and include the Ethoxylated derivatives of alkylphenols, fatty alcohols, fatty esters, and diglycerides. They exhibit excellent detersive power and cleansing properties, but because of poor foaming, their use has been restricted to solubilizing of shampoo fragrances and other oleophilic additives.

Alkanolamides
Amino oxides
Polyethoxylated surfactants
Primary alkonolamines and Secondary alkonolamines

A

Polyethoxylated surfactants

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20
Q

Often referred to as ampholytic, these surfactants contain both cationic and anionic groups in one molecule. Because the charge of these surfactants are pH dependent, their properties, such as foaming potential, solubility, and CMC, also vary with the change in pH. Most amphoterics are derivatives of imidazoline or betaine.

They are quite compatible with anionic, nonionic, or cationic surfactants, and have been extensively used to formulate mild (baby) shampoos or as mollifying agents in the more irritating anionic compositions.

Anionic Surfactants
Amphoteric Surfactants
Nonionic Surfactants
Cationic Surfactants

A

Amphoteric Surfactants

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21
Q

T or F
Shampoo additives includes: Surfactants, Water/Aqua, Conditioners, Dispersing Agents, Thickeners, pH Buffers, Aesthetic Additives, Foaming Agents, Preservatives

A

True

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22
Q

Comprise a broad variety of compounds that are used to increase viscosity of the formulations, modifying their consistency from viscous liquids to thick gels. Among the most frequently used are electrolytes, such as sodium chloride, alkanolamides and water-soluble cellulose derivatives, such as carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxy vinyl polymers of the Carbopol type, polyvinyl alcohols, and natural gums, such as tragacanth.

Magnesium aluminum silicates have found application as thickeners and suspending agents in antidandruff shampoos.

Opacifiers
Thickeners
Fragrance
Preservatives

A

Thickeners

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23
Q

Serve to impart to shampoo a pearlescent or opaque appearance. For this purpose, high- melting, wax-like materials are blended into formulations. Of utility in this respect are cetyl and stearyl alcohols and their esters as well as the latex emulsions of vinyl-, styrene- , and acrylic polymers.

Opacifiers
Thickeners
Preservatives
Sequestering agents

A

Opacifiers

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24
Q

The shampoo milieu offers itself as an ideal ground for microbial growth, particularly of the aerobic gram-negative organisms of Pseudomones. Examples include methyl and propyl parabens, DMDM hydantoin, quaternium-15, imidazolidynyl urea and others.

Opacifiers
Thickeners
Preservatives
Alcohols

A

Preservatives

25
Q

an essential ingredient, often deciding the market appeal and success of the product.

Alcohols
Fragrance
Sequestering agents
Dyes

A

Fragrance

26
Q

Addition of alcohols (ethanol, isopropanol) or glycols may be required to maintain the clarity of clear shampoos.

Alcohols
Fragrance
Sequestering agents
Dyes

A

Alcohols

27
Q

prevents the formation of insoluble calcium or magnesium soaps when the shampoo is rinsed off the hair (example: EDTA)

Alcohols
Fragrance
Sequestering agents
Dyes

A

Sequestering agents

28
Q

Enhance the aesthetic of a shampoo formulations.

Sequestering agents
Dyes
Conditioners
Fragrance

A

Dyes

29
Q

To overcome “Squeaky” clean feel of shampooed hair is frequently accompanied by difficult combing and substantial “fly away.” Examples: amine oxides, protein hydrolysates, cationic surfactants, Cationic polymers, lanolin and its derivatives, Natural materials such as beer, honey, egg

Sequestering agents
Dyes
Conditioners
Fragrance

A

Conditioners

30
Q

T or F
Medicated dandruff shampoos place stringent requirements for non irritancy of the scalp and eye. The majority of products are based on amphoteric detergent systems.

Thus, derivatives of midazoline, betaine, and sulfobetaine are usually combined with nonionic surfactants of the polyoxyethylated alcohol esters class to procure sting-free formulations.

A

False
Answer: Baby shampoo

31
Q

are designed to lessen and alleviate the excessive desquamation of the scalp via inclusion of specific ingredients. These include antimicrobials, such as quaternary ammonium salts; keratolytic agents, e.g., salicylic acid and sulfur, or antiseborrheic compounds like coal tar and resorcinol.

A

Medicated dandruff’shampoos

32
Q

The following are Toxic Chemicals in Shampoo:
l. Fragrance -can be made of dozens of different secret ingredients
ll. DMDM - Hydantoin releases the carcinogen formaldehyde
lll. Sodium Laureth Sulfate - contaminated with the carcinogen 1,4-dioxane
lV. Parabens - linked to breast cancer
V. AOTA

A

V. AOTA

33
Q

The efficacy of developed shampoo prototypes is being evaluated in the laboratory using established testing procedures. Thus, foamability and lather characteristics are measured in the presence and absence of sebum, gaining some insight into the detersive aspects of the formulas.

l. Only the first statement is correct
ll. Only the second statement is correct
lll. Both statements are correct
lV. Both statements are incorrect

A

lll. Both statements are correct

34
Q

The properties of shampooed hair that are instrumentally assessed together with the subjective evaluation of hair appearance:

A

luster
combability
body
fly-away

35
Q

Shampoo ingredients must pose a particular hazard about skin or eye safety. The contact time is short and a water rinse follows.

l. Only the first statement is correct
ll. Only the second statement is correct
lll. Both statements are correct
lV. Both statements are incorrect

A

ll. Only the second statement is correct

36
Q

A form of hair conditioner in which the rinse product is rinsed off after a few minutes.

A

Hair rinses

37
Q

A form of hair conditioner in which the product is left on the hair for up to 30 minutes, after which it is rinsed off. The purpose of the longer time is to allow the product to penetrate further (thus the name “deep”) into the hair shaft thereby extending the conditioning effects.

A

Leave on products, (often referred to as “deep” conditioners)

38
Q

T or F
The active ingredients in most conditioners are based on quaternary ammonium salts (cationic surfactants) such as steartrimonium chloride and, cetrimonium chloride, and the like. Because of their great affinity for hair, these compounds bind strongly to the cuticles, providing a low-friction surface, thus making the cuticles slick and less prone to abrasion.

A

True

39
Q

A broad term describing products applied for final grooming. Including brilliantines, tonics, and gels, this category follows new fashions, hairstyle trends, and is attuned to progress in styling techniques.

applied by spreading the product w/ fingers and combing through, they are not rinsed off after application, care must be taken to avoid excessive buildup.

A

Hairdressing

40
Q

Adds sheen to hair. Thus, the main constituent of these products is oil-usually mineral oil-which is spread on fiber strands increasing their luster and providing grooming effects.

Brilliantines
Setting gels
Tonics
Hairsprays

A

brilliantines

41
Q

are based on petrolatum to which various waxes are added to attain the desired consistency and texture.

A

Solid brilliantines (pomades)

42
Q

might be viewed as lighter versions of brilliantines and usually consist of alcoholic solutions of various oils. The alcohol wets the hair and after evaporation leaves a thin film of oil.

By using synthetic, rather than natural oils, much less greasy formulations can be obtained. Using a high concentration of ethoxylated emulsifiers, grooming oils can also be readily blended into clear gels.

Brilliantines
Setting gels
Tonics
Hairsprays

A

Tonics

43
Q

based on hydroalcoholic solutions of carboxyvinyl polymers or methylcellulose ethers are oil free.

Brilliantines
Setting gels
Tonics
Hairsprays

A

setting gels

44
Q

facilitate styling the hair and second to keep it in at newly styled shape.

• Three general product forms represent this category: Styling gels, Mousses, Styling sprays.

A

Styling Aids

45
Q

These products are applied to dry and already styled (set) hair in the form of fine mist or spray. The spray droplets collide with and become deposited on hair fibers, polymeric film formers are the backbone of the formulations.

As the solvent evaporates, these joints become rigid bonds welding the fibers together and, thus, preventing the motion of individual hairs relative to each other.

Brilliantines
Setting gels
Tonics
Hairsprays

A

Hairsprays

46
Q

T or F
Federal regulation in 1978 that banned the use of hydrocarbon or carbon dioxide in hairsprays brought about a drastic change in the technology of aerosol hairspray

A

False
Answer: chlorofluorocarbons

47
Q

T or F
The hydrocarbon gases, such as propane, butane, and isobutane have been found to generate the most consistent hairspray pattern, being at the same time compatible with alcohol and current hairspray resins

A

True

48
Q

defined as any organic compound having between 1 and 12 carbon atoms, the ___ restrictions also affect the nonaerosol hairsprays where the ethanol is both the resin solvent and propellant.

A

Volatile Organic Component (VOC)

49
Q

The earliest recorded methodology of hair waving can be traced to Egyptians who curled their hair with mud and then dried it in the hot sun, the elaborate coiffures of Roman women relied on prototypes of the curling iron. Then, with the advances of the Middle Ages, hair virtually disappeared and did not make its reemergence until the time of the Victorian period.

l. Only the first statement is correct
ll. Only the second statement is correct
lll. Both statements are correct
lV. Both statements are incorrect

A

l. Only the first statement is correct
Answer: Renaissance not Victorian period

50
Q

The immediate objective of waving is to impart to hair a durable configuration that is different from what the hair exhibits in its native form, can be viewed as a combination of reversal and a stepwise restaging of these processes, as it entails softening of keratin, molding it to a desired shape, and annealing the newly imparted geometry.

A

Hair-Waving Process

51
Q

T or F
High adaptability of TGA to various formulation types that provided markedly different end benefits coupled with performance reliability and a low price all contributed to its success. The unpleasant odor of TGA has remained it most perceptible drawback. Although some progress has been made in the fragrance of TGA- based lotions, the results so far are at best mediocre.

A

True

52
Q

considered as a permanent setting agent, has found wide application in the wool industry (pleating, lustering, flat setting) well ahead of TGA on account of its effectiveness and lack of odor.

A

Sulfite

53
Q

T or F
The function of the pressing oil is threefold:
1.) to act as a protective heat transfer agent between the comb and the hair.
2) to serve as a lubricant reducing the drag of the comb.
3) to function as a barrier slowing diffusion into the hair of moisture from the scalp and environment, and thus delaying reversal of the straightening effect

Pressing oils are mostly based on petrolatum and mineral oil blended with some wax and perfume.

A

True

54
Q

has also been used as the active ingredient in relaxers, although in somewhat different form from that encountered in conventional waving lotions. The latter are always thin, promoting a fast lotion penetration into the tightly wrapped hair on the curler.

A

Alkaline thioglycollate

55
Q

Apart from albinos, all normal subjects have ________. It
is a polymer of high molecular weight, insoluble in water
and most solvents. It originates from melanocytes located in the basal cell layer of the hair matrix.

A

Melanin

56
Q

gives colors from brown to black.

eumelanin
pheomelanin

A

eumelanin

57
Q

gives colors from yellow-red to red.

eumelanin
pheomelanin

A

pheomelanin

58
Q

involves a complex sequence of chemical reactions
corresponding to an oxidative polymerization catalyzed by certain enzymes.

A

Melanogenesis

59
Q

is a strong fiber that behaves like reinforced wire.

A

hair shaft

Cosmetics (10 decks)

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