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Dermal > Hair > Flashcards

Hair Flashcards

1
Q

Upper segment consists of

A

infundibulum

isthmus

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2
Q

Hair is separated into

A

Shaft
cuticle, cortex, medulla
Follicle
infundibulum, sebaceous gland, isthmus, hair bulb

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3
Q

Specific surface properties of hair are governed by

A

cuticle

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4
Q

Cuticle acts as a barrier against

A 
external aggression
(water penetration/chemical treatment)
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5
Q

Top to bottom cuticle cell structure

A 
External surface of the cell
Epicuticle
A-layer
Exocuticle
Endocuticle
Cell membrane (including epicuticle)
Intercellular cement
Epicuticle of underneath cell
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6
Q

Epicuticle consists of

A

protein layer covered by lipid layer bound covalently by thioester linkages

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7
Q

Sulfur rich layers of cuticle

A

A-layer (30% cystine)

exocuticle (15% cystine)

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8
Q

In cortex, IF are embedded in matrix which is made of

A

KAPs (high sulfur, high glycine-tyrosine)

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9
Q

Proteins with the highest level of cystine are located in

A

matrix proteins of cortex

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10
Q

Much of the strength of hair is accounted for by

A

cross-linking of disulfide linkages between keratin chains

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11
Q

_____ bonds give hair flexibility

A

hydrogen

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12
Q

African hair has more ______ and less ______

A

KAP proteins

IF

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13
Q

___________ are always parallel, while _______ is anti-parallel

A

heptad repeat unit

tetramer

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14
Q

Compartments of hair follicle

A
  • Dermal

- Epithelial

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15
Q

Dermal compartment of hair follicle includes

A
  • Dermal sheath

- Dermal papilla

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16
Q

Epithelial compartment of hair follicle includes

A

hair matrix

3 concentric structures: ORS, IRS, shaft

17
Q

Composition of hair lipids

A

fatty acids
ceramides
polar lipids

18
Q

What makes up the dermal compartment

A
  • Connective tissue sheath produced by fibroblast and collagen (I, III)
  • Basement membrane (laminin type I, collagen IV, fibronectin, proteoglucans)
19
Q

Stem cells that form hair are located in

A

basal layer of ORS bulge, it is from these cells that matrix cells are formed

20
Q

Growth factors that potentiate growth of dermal papilla cells

A

bFGF (basic fibroblast growth factor)

PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)

21
Q

Dermal papilla cells produce _______ which influence proliferation of hair matrix cells

A

cytokines

22
Q

Catagen

A 
2-3 weeks
Growth stops
ORS shrinks
Regression of hair follicles
Club hair is formed when part of hair follicle in contact with lower portion of hair attaches to shaft
23
Q

Anagen

A

2-6 years

  • Rapidly dividing cells in root of hair grow upward to form hair shaft
  • New hair is formed, pushes club hair up and out of follicle
  • highly increased proliferative rate of hair follicle cells

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