Haemolytic anaemia: extrinsic anaemia

Question 1

difference b/w intrinsic & extrinsic haemolytic anaemia

Answer 1

• intrinsic: inherited & usually EV haemolysis => factors in RBC
• extrinsic: aquired & usually IV & EV haemolysis caused by external factors outside of RBC =>premature destruction of RBC

Question 2

List the 3 types of extrinsic ahemolytic anaemia

Answer 2

• traumatic cell injury
• immune
• Antagonistic plasma factors

Question 3

Describe microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia

Answer 3

• mechanical trauma of RBC
• Fibirn deposit in w/in BV bc of damaged endothelium
• Some RBC will run into fibrin strands = sliced open = shistocytes
• removed via extravascular haemolysis

Question 4

There are 2 different types of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. what are they & the difference

Answer 4

• classified into optimat temp of antibody reactivity
  1. Warm reactive Ab: 35-40ºC, RBC sensitised w/ IgG &/ complement, extravascular haemolysis by macrophages - detect Fc portion of Ab
  2. Cold reactive Ab: <30ºC, IgM w/out complement

Question 5

how are antagonistic plasma factors (like malaria) dealt w/ by the body

Answer 5

intra + extravascular haemolysis