Haematopoeisis Flashcards

1
Q

Haemopoiesis definition

A

production of red cells, platelets and white cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

erythropoiesis definition

A

red cell production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

thrombopoiesis definition

A

platelet production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

myelopoiesis/granulopoeisis definition

A

granulocyte production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

lymphopoeisis definition

A

lymphocyte production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

red cell lifespan

A

120 days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is most frequent blood cell

A

red cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

neutrophils lifespan

A

7-8hrs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

platelets lifespan

A

7-10days

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a “blast” e.g. erythroblast or myeloblast?

A

nucleated precursor cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are megakaryocytes?

A

platelet precursor cells - they are polypoid because have lots of chromosomes because cells don’t divide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are myelocytes?

A

nucleated precursor between neutrophils and blasts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stem cells have a property of self-renewal but this is lost in descendants. T/F?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Stem cells are generally dormant during steady-state haemopoiesis. T/F?

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Myeloid definition (s)

A

can be marrow,
can be lineage e.g. the non-lymphoid,
can be granulocytes precursors or precursors e.g. myeloid:erythroid ratio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

When does bone marrow start being main site of haemopoiesis?

A

week 16

17
Q

Haemopoiesis sites during development?

A

yolk sac, then liver and maybe a bit of spleen, then bone marrow

18
Q

cellularity decreases with age as what replaces cells in marrow? How is it calculated?

A

fat replaces cells,

subtract age from 100 to give percentage e.g. 80 year old has 20% cellularity

19
Q

Most appropriate bone marrow biopsy location in adult?

A

posterior iliac crest or sternum

20
Q

Most appropriate bone marrow biopsy location in child?

A

tibia

21
Q

Bone marrow compartments include cellular, connective tissue matrix and vascular elements. What are the types of cells? (2)

A

haemopoietic cells,

and non-haemopoeitic cells e.g. adipocytes, fibroblasts, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts

22
Q

What are venous sinuses in bones?

A

arterioles drain into them and they open into larger central sinuses

23
Q

What is difference between venous sinuses and capillaries?

A

sinuses are larger and have discontinuous basement membrane

24
Q

Bone marrow sinusoids have discontinuous membranes why?

A

so cells and nutrients can pass, epithelial cells have long nucleus

25
Q

sinusoid can be widened how?

A

contraction of adventitial cells

26
Q

What is difference between red and yellow marrow?

A

red is haemopoeitically active and yellow is inactive

27
Q

what is myeloid:erythroid ratio represent? Clinical relevance?

A

relationship of neutrophils and precursors to proportion of nucleated red cell precursors,
is reversed in haemolysis as a compensatory response so ratio is reversed

28
Q

Assessment of non-lymphoid haemopoiesis? (3)

A

blood count,
blood film,
bone marrow examination

29
Q

Assessing lineage of lymphoid cells is done how?

A

immunophenotyping - studies antigen expression using antibodies specific to different antigens

30
Q

How do we assess haemopoietic progenitor cells?

A

immunophenotyping