Haematology and Oncology Flashcards
Tumour markers for medullary thyroid cancer
Calcitonin
Tumour marker for hepatocellular carcinoma
Alpha fetoprotein
Pathological diagnosis of Hogdkin’s Lymphoma
Lymph node biopsy
Most common paediatric malignancy
ALL (Hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadeopathy, fatigue, joint pain, infections, bruising)
What should be measured to make a diagnosis of haemophilia?
Factor IX activity levels
Troisier’s sign
Weight loss, fatigue, palpable left supraclavicular node (Virchow’s node) = Gastric carcinoma
Tumours that often metastasise to the bone
Lung, prostate, kidney, thyroid and breast
Symptoms assoicated with poor prognosis in lymphoma
B symptoms: night sweats, weight loss, fever
Treatment of methotrexate induced folic acid deficiency
Folinic acid
80 year old man, tired, megaloblastic anaemia, raised bilirubin
Pernicious anaemia
Indications for mastectomy
DCIS, patient request, large tumour in small breast, tumour at nipple
Prophylactic management in babies diagnosed with sickle cell
Prophylactic Pen V from 3 months and 5 yearly pneumococcal vaccinations
Most likely place of metastasis for the following cancers:
a) Osteosarcoma
b) Colorectal
c) Breast
a) Lung
b) Liver
c) Bone
Investigation for spherocytosis
Osmotic fragility
Basophilic stippling, a sign of….
Lead poisoning
Nausea, vomiting, blackout, dark urine, which ‘hormone’ tumour?
Small cell lung ca
Pentad of TTP
Fever, AKI, cerebral dysfunction (confusion etc), thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia
Which malignancy is staged on the Clark or Breslow scale?
Melanoma
What is considered the single most important factor for predicting survivial and prognosis in MM?
Beta-2 microglobulin (increased levels = poor prognosis)
Patient with multiple myeloma. What initial scan to look for osteolytic lesions should be ordered?
Whole body low dose CT scan
First line treatment for CLL if there is a 17p deletion or TP53 mutation?
Acalabrutinib
If no 17 p deletion then treat with FCR or BR
First line treatment for CML?
Imatinib
10 year old with haemophilia A hits head, GCS of 9. Next most important next step in management?
Immediate administration of factor 8
Clonal proliferation of immature myeloid cells called blasts?
AML
