haematology Flashcards
1
Q
what are indications for fresh frozen plasma?
A
- reversal of anticoagulant effects
- patients with active bleeding
- INR over 1.6
2
Q
what are indications for platelet transfusion?
A
prevent haemorrhage in patients with thrombocytponia or platelet defects
3
Q
what are contraindications to giving platelets?
A
- thrombotic thrombocytopniea purpura
- heparin induced thrombocytopenia
4
Q
what is good about cryoprecipitate?
A
- high amounts of FVIII
fibrinogen
5
Q
what is TRALI?
A
a delayed haemolytic reaction causing acute lung injury
6
Q
what are signs of TRALI?
A
- dyspnoea
fever
cough
shadowing in perihilar and lower lung fields
7
Q
what is an immediate haemolytic transfusion reaction?
A
- most serious due to ABO incompatibility. usually complement activation caused by IgM
8
Q
what are symptoms of immediate haemolytic transfusion reaction?
A
- rigor
- lumbar pain
- hypotension
- haemoglobinuria
- renal failure
DIC
starts a few minutes after transfusion
9
Q
why does delayed haemolytic transfusion reactions happen?
A
- due to being alloimmunised from previous transfusions or pregnancies
due to IgG
10
Q
what are the normal causes of non haemolytic febrile transfusion reaction?
A
- presence of leucocyte antibodies in alloimmunised people
