CPL rheumatology Flashcards
1
Q
what are symptoms of polymyalgia rheumatica?
A
- bilateral hip, buttock and thigh pain
- neck and shoulder pain
- stiffness in the morning
- sudden and severe onset
- 1/3 of patients get systemic symptoms: fatigue, fever, weight loss
2
Q
what results are seen in polymyalgia rheumatica?
A
- raised ESR/CRP
- raised GGT and serum alkaline phosphatase
- anaemia
- normal creatinine kinase
3
Q
what is the management of polymyalgia rheumatica?
A
- 10-25mg prednisolone
- calcium and vit D due to steroid induced osteoporosis risk
- if steroids aren’t sufficient methotrexate can be added.
4
Q
what is the definition of giant cell arteritis?
A
- inflammatory granulomous arteritis of the large cerebral arteries, mainly affecting the external carotid.
5
Q
what are symptoms of giant cell arteritis?
A
- headache
- temporal artery and scalp tenderness
- jaw claudication
- amaurosis fugax
- sudden unilateral blindness
- systemic symptoms
6
Q
what results are seen in giant cell arteritis?
A
- raised ESR and CRP
- increased platelets
- increased ALP
- decrreased haemoglobin
7
Q
what is seen in a temporal artery biopsy of giant cell arteritis?
A
- cellular infiltrates of CD4, macropahges, giant cells
- breaking up of the internal elastic lamina
8
Q
what is the treatment of giant cell arteritis?
A
60mg prednisolone
- PPI, bisphosphonates, calcium
9
Q
what are causes of osteoarthritis?
A
- ageing
- abnormal stress
- obesity
- col2a1 mutation
- hyper mobility
- trauma
- RA
- gout
- pagets
- acromegaly
