H: CVS Flashcards
Layers of blood vessels and what they’re made of
- Tunica intima (inner): endothelium and basement membrane
- Tunica media (middle): elastic tissue (stretch + recoil) and smooth muscle (vasodilation + vasoconstriction)
- Tunica adventitia (outer): has collagen for strength + protection
Heart wall layers
- Endocardium (tunica intima): inner lining
- Myocardium (tunica media): cardiac muscle
- Epicardium (tunica adventitia): visceral serous pericardium
Cardiac cell structure?
Cells of cardiac muscle are tubular and branching.
Role of elastic laminae in connective tissue of tunica media:
- Allows wall of blood vessel to expand + bulge and accommodate blood
- Elastic recoil helps propel blood
- Reduces pressure fluctuations
Tunica media
- Mainly smooth muscle –> highly contractile
- Elastic fibres are confined to inner and outer sides of tunica media (Internal + external elastic lamina)
Metarterioles are ___ diameter capillaries with some ___ in wall
large diameter capillaries with some muscle in wall
Precapillary sphincter
at origin of capillary
Arterio-venous shunts
pathways go through arteriole to venule
Pericytes
around capillaries and are used for contraction.
Types of capillaries
- Continuous endothelium
- Fenestrated endothelium (pores)
- Discontinuous endothelium (large holes)
Fenestrated capillaries location
found in SI mucosa, endocrine glands, renal glomeruli.
Discontinuous capillaries location
found in liver, spleen, bone marrow.
Have discontinuous basement membrane.
Veins structure
- Thinner walls: larger lumens than arteries - Tunica adventitia is the thickest layer
- Tunica intima has valves
Cause of varicose veins
Backflow from veins can cause varicose veins.
Identify
type of tissue + letters
Continuous epithelium (capillary)
E = complete lining of endothelial cells
EC = endothelial cytoplasm
BM = basement membrane
C = collagen fibrils
P = pericyte
BMp = BM of pericyte
Identify type of tissue + letters
Fenestrated epithelium (capillary)
EC = endothelial cytoplasm
F = pores
Identify (LM of LV wall)
P = Epicardium
M = Myocardium
E = Endocardium
PM = Papillary muscle
Identify (elastic artery in aorta)
I = tunica intima
M = tunica media
A = tunica adventitia
Identify (LM of epicardium)
Me = flat monolayer of mesothelial cells
F = sheet of fibrocollagenous tissue with elastic fibres
CA = large branch of coronary artery
A = adipose tissue in areas with arteries
M = myocardium with small artery
Identify (LM of myocardium)
Identify
Endocardium
Identify (muscular artery)
Identify (musclar artery)
IEL = internal elastic lamina
M = tunica media
EEL = external elastic lamina
A = adventitia
Identify (2 arterioles)
M = tunica media
E = endothelial cells
Identify (microcirculation)
V = venule
C = capillary network
Ma = metarterioles
S = Arterio-venous shunts
At = arteriole
Identify (capillary)
E = single layer of flattened endothelial cells
P = pericytes
Identify (large vein)
Identify
Identify (medium sized vein)
M = tunica media
A = tunica adventitia
Identify (vein with valve)
L = leaflet
Identify (large muscular vein)
M = tunica media
A = tunica adventitia
