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H Carpentry 1 > H-3 Task 1 > Flashcards

H-3 Task 1 Flashcards

1
Q

1) what is the minimum sill plate allowed by bc building code?

A

38x89mm (2x4), 2x6 is used often instead

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2
Q

2) After the sill plate is anchored to the foundation, what transfers through it?

A

Live and dead loads of the floor, wall, and roof to the concrete

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3
Q

3) in addition to transferring the wood frame building weight to the foundation, what are other functions of a sill plate?

A

Anchors the building to the foundation for wind and siesmic loads.

Also used to provide lateral support for the foundation walls.

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4
Q

4) What kind of buildings can experience great stresses due to heavy wind loads?

A

Tall narrow buildings, making building anchorage very important.

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5
Q

5) what is the minimum depth anchor bolts go into the concrete?

A

100mm (4”) should have as much side concrete coverage as feasible

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6
Q

6) Whats the diameter for longer bolts?

Diameter for shorter bolts?

(Anchor bolts)

A

Long bolts 1”

Shorter usually 1/2” or 5/8”

Lengths come in various sizes, short as 6” up to several feet long

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7
Q

7) foundation walls are often stepped when contructed on sloping sites, what does the stepped foundation require in terms of framing?

A

Pony walls to support the floor joists where the top of the foundation wall is shorter

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8
Q

8) what is another term for concrete column?

What shape is concrete column usually?

A

Piers

Concrete columns are usually round

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9
Q

9) whats the minimum nominal size of wood columns?

A

6x6, they cannot be smaller in actual dimension than the width of the beam they are supporting

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10
Q

10) what is minimum diameter for steel column?

A

Minimum diameter of 3”

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11
Q

11) Whats the minimum diameter for wood column in a carport?

A

Carports may be reduced to 4x4 nominal dimension

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12
Q

12) whats the minimum diameter for a round wooden column?

A

Must not be smaller than 7-1/4” diameter

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13
Q

13) What can wood columns be made from?

A

Solid lumber or built up from 2x6

Built up are more common than solid lumber, solid lumber columns are expensive and tend to twist and check as they dry

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14
Q

14) what type of lumber columns do engineers prefer?

A

PSL or Glue-laminated
Often specified in engineered buildings

Prefer these cause their strucural properties can be more carefully controlled

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15
Q

What gives a built up column an advantage over solid 6x6?

A

Column must fully support the beam, so a 5ply 2x10 would need a 5ply 2x6 column
5ply 7-1/2”

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16
Q

Advantage steel column has over wood column?

A

Can be used to correct settlement and shrinkage of framing members

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17
Q

How is the steel column secured to the beam and basement slab?

A

Lag screws into the beam, base of the column is often secured by casting into the basement slab

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18
Q

What are 5 beams for framing?

A
  • solid wood
  • built up
  • glue laminated
  • steel
  • engineered
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19
Q

Why is solid wood beams used, compared to other beams?

A

Aesthetic design purposes such as timber frame.

Sizing of solid wood beams must be done using engineering tables

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20
Q

How are built up beams determined?

A

By consulting the BC Building Code, eliminates the need for expensive engineering

Normally nail-laminated together or bolted

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21
Q

Where are glue laminated beams built?

A

Must be manufactured in approved plants. They cannot be built on-site.

22
Q

What are standard thicknesses for glue-laminated?

What are the depth of these beams?

A

80mm and 130mm thickness

228mm to 456mm depth

These beams allow for large spans and are able to carry heavy loads.

23
Q

Which steel flange beams are used for wood frame construction?

A

Wide flange. Standard flange is narrow and sloped, making attaching wood joists difficult

24
Q

What is the depth and weight of a W150 x 22 steel beam?

A

Depth is 150mm

Weight is 22 kg per lineal metre

25
Q

What do the depths of steel beams vary from?

A

150mm to 310mm (W150-W310)

26
Q

What two beams can be designed by carpenters using the design table in the BC Building Code book?

A

Glue-laminated and steel beams

27
Q

What are 3 common engineered beams?

A

Laminated veneer lumber (LVL)
Parallel strand lumber (PSL)
Girder truss beams

28
Q

What advantages does engineered beams have compared to built-up and solid lumber beams?

A

Allows longer spans

29
Q

Who would design a laminated veneer lumber beam?

A

Professional engineer, bc code book doesnt have design tables for lvl beams

30
Q

Difference between psl and lvl?

A

Similar to each other but psl uses strands of veneer and lvl uses sheets of veneer

31
Q

What are thicknesses of psl?

Widths?

A

4” and 6”

9-1/4” to 16”

32
Q

Can you build up psl beams like lvl’s?

Using side by side

A

No as they are thicker already, heavy that cranes usually handle psl beams

33
Q

Where would you use a girder truss beam?

A

Roof structures, also be used as beams in walls

34
Q

What factors into size and shape of girder truss beam?

Who designs these trusses?

A

Limited by the creativity and budget of the designer

Registered engineer designs

35
Q

What must you keep in mind while constructing floor joists?

A

Minimize deflection and excessive vibration

36
Q

What are the dimensions of lumber you can use for floor joists?

A

2x4 to 2x12

Span tables have 2x4, but theyre only used for very short spans.

37
Q

How closely must you follow the direction of engineered joists and beams as indicated on drawings?

A

Very closely, a missing stiffener or simply installing a joist upside down can cause a structural failure

38
Q

i-joists have a cord and a web, what is the cord made from, and whats is the web made from?

A

Cord is LVL, PSL, S4S lumber

Web is plywood or OSB

39
Q

Can you use different brands or interchange i-joists?

A

No, each manufacturer uses a patented system and specifcations

40
Q

Are i-joist spans in the code book?

A

No, the span is dependent upon its depth, chord width, and spacing

41
Q

What is open web joists made from?
(Chord and web)

How do these joist hang on the wall?

A

Wooden cords and wooden webs or

Wooden cords and steel webs

“Top hung” top cord is sitting on the plate, bottom cord hangs

42
Q

No question:
Parallel cord trusses must be fully braced before any loading is permitted, so fully brace each truss before laying the next truss

A
43
Q

Plywood vs OSB

Which is stronger in shear strength?

A

OSB is twice as strong

44
Q

Plywood vs OSB

Which is stiffer?

Which is lighter?

A

Plywood is 10% stiffer and 15% lighter

45
Q

Plywood vs OSB

Tongue and groove, what are thier widths?
Not thickness, not length

A

OSB covers 48”, plywood covers 47-1/2”

46
Q

Plywood vs OSB

Which is more economical?

A

OSB, also more “greener” in the way its produced

47
Q

Plywood vs OSB

Both are subject to swelling, which is got it worse?

A

OSB, not as resistant to swelling. Plywood will swell too, but probably return to its original size

48
Q

What factors into floor stiffness?

When using underlay, second layer of sheathing. What offset for joists be?
Minimum

A

Thickness of plywood influences it

8” (200mm)

49
Q

What is the maximum clear span between rows of twist restraint for joists?

(Bridging, blocking)

A

7’

50
Q

When using strapping method of twist restraint, what helps act as strapping?

A

Gypsum board will help, but bridging is still the best method

51
Q

When cutting bridging pieces to length, how much should you account for at the bottom of the joist?

A

1/4” less than full length to avoid the bridging being longer and interfering with the drywall or sheathing

H Carpentry 1 (15 decks)

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