Gyroscopic instruments

Question 1

3 basic gyro instruments:

Answer 1

TURN COORDINATOR

DIRECTIONAL GYRO

GYRO HORIZON (ARTIFICIAL HORIZON)

Question 2

type of gyro that uses gyroscopic properties of precession

SEMI-RIGIDLY mounted

Uses ONLY 1 gimbal

FREEDOM about 1 axis

Answer 2

turn coordinator

Question 3

Type of gyro that uses gyroscopic properties of precession and rigidity in space to maintain spin axis

HORIZONTAL to the earth’s surface

UNIVERSAL mounted

Uses 2 GIMBALS

Answer 3

Directional Gyro

Question 4

Type of gyro that uses properties of precession to maintain VERTICAL axis

Uses rigidity in space to establish a reference plane

universal mounted

Uses 2 GIMBALS

Indicated pitch and roll

Answer 4

Artificial Horizon/Attitude indicator

Question 5

Gyro instruments are driven by a vacuum. Before engine-driven vacuum pumps are used, this vacuum was accomplished by the use of a _______ tube.

Answer 5

venturi tube

Question 6

The turn coordinator measures the rate of rotation about the _______ axis (yaw)

Answer 6

vertical axis

Question 7

(Turn Coordinator) When the pointer is over the rate mark this indicates that aircraft is turning at a specified rate of ___ deg/s, ____ min turn.

Answer 7

3 degrees, 2 minute turn

Question 8

Turn and slip

Turn coordinator

Answer 8

2 types of turn coordinators

Question 9

Slip/Skid ball

Internal Gyro

Answer 9

2 separate instruments of 2 kinds of turn coordinator

Question 10

(Turn Coordinator) The ball part of the indicator consist of a sealed, curved glass tube that contains a damping liquid with a ball that is free to move inside. This part is known as an _______.

Answer 10

inclinometer

Question 11

The turn indicator portion of the instrument depends on the _______ of the gyro.

Answer 11

precession

Question 12

A limitation of the turn and slip indicator is that it only senses rotation about the _______ (yaw) axis of the aircraft.

Answer 12

Vertical

Question 13

The turn coordinator is similar to the turn indicator except it has its gyro canted at an angle (30 degrees) that allows it to sense the aircraft’s ______ movements.

Answer 13

roll

Question 14

The gyro in a heading indicator is mounted in a double gimbal, as in an attitude indicator, but its spin axis is _______. The gyro rotor spins in the _______ plane, this allows it to sense rotation about the vertical axis of the aircraft.

Answer 14

Horizontal, Vertical

Question 15

The directional gyro is used to provide a stable heading indication with reference to _______ north, however, this instrument must be manually realigned periodically using the magnetic reference from a compass.

Answer 15

Magnetic North

Question 16

A knob on the front of the instrument can be pushed to ______ the gimbals. This allows the pilot to rotate the gyro and card until the number opposite the lubber line agrees with the magnetic compass

Answer 16

lock

Question 17

(Horizontal Indicator) The horizontal indicator gyro rotor revolves with its spin axis in an ______ position. This position is rigidly maintained as the aircraft pitches and rolls about the space-rigid gyro.

Answer 17

Vertical position

Question 18

(Horizontal Indicator) The rotor with its vertical spin axis is inside the _____ gimbal (rotor case). The _____ gimbal is connected to the instrument case.

Answer 18

inner, outer

Question 19

(Horizontal Indicator) Once it is rotating, the gyro has its spin axis tied to earth vertical by a system of pendulous _____ and air jets. At the bottom of the rotor case are 4 air exhaust vents. When is it displaced from vertical, one vent will close and the other will open. The unbalanced reaction from the air vents restores the spin axis to vertical.

Answer 19

vanes

Question 20

The attitude indicator will typically have bank angles marks located at ____, ____ and ____ degrees of bank.

Answer 20

10, 20 and 30 degrees of bank

Question 21

(attitude indicator) In electric attitude indicators, the drive mechanism is an electric gyro (instead of vacuum driven). It is typically driven by ___ volt, ___-cycle AC. It turns at approximately ______ rpm.

Answer 21

115V

400-cycle

21,000rpm

Question 22

(attitude indicator) The attitude director indicator (ADI) is an AI with the addition of _______ bars. These bars are driven by the flight director computer and provides visual steering commands to the pilot.

Answer 22

command

Question 23

(attitude indicator) Gyros normally require about ______ minutes to stop spinning after being powered down.

Answer 23

20 minutes