Gyn Pathology II

Question 1

What is internal endometriosis called?

Answer 1

Adenomyosis (glands in the myometrium)

Question 2

What is the most common visceral tumor in women?

Answer 2

Leiomyoma

Question 3

What are main symptoms of leiomyomas?

Answer 3

Acute pelvic pain
Pelvic pressure
Urinary frequency
Difficult defecation
Impaired fertility

Question 4

White, rubbery nodules in intramural uterus?

Answer 4

Leiomyoma

Question 5

Treatment for leiomyoma?

Answer 5

Myomectomy

Hysterectomy

Question 6

Handball, rubbery toughness with gross necrosis and hemorrhage?

Answer 6

Leiomyosarcoma

Question 7

Most common fallopian tube pathology?

Answer 7

Salpingitis +/- abscess due to PID
Endometriosis
Tubal infertility/ectopic
Paratubal cysts

Question 8

What are the most common tubal neoplasias?

Answer 8

Adenomatoid tumor (benign)
Tubal carcinoma

Question 9

What gene is implicated in tubal carcinoma?

Answer 9

BRCA 1, 2

Question 10

Most of the time when you feel a pelvic lump on ovary, what is it?

Answer 10

Follicle or corpus luteal cyst

Question 11

Inflammation of the ovary?

Answer 11

Almost always PID

Question 12

How many women have PCOS?

Answer 12

6-8%

Question 13

What endocrine problems are associated with PCOS?

Answer 13

Hyperandrogenism
Diabetes
Obesity

Question 14

What are the four origins of ovarian tumors?

Answer 14

Ovarian surface (Mullerian) epithelium
Sex cord/stromal cells
Germ cells
Metastasis

Question 15

How can ovarian neoplasms present?

Answer 15

Incidental adnexal mass
Chronic pelvic compression
Acute/subacute: TORSION
Chronic sex steroid access
Atypical cells on cytology

Question 16

If epithelial ovarian tumors are bilateral, what is it? If unilateral?

Answer 16

Bilateral: Serous
Unilateral: mucinous

Question 17

If a “borderline” tumor, what does it look like?

Answer 17

Serous

Question 18

If you cut into an ovarian cyst and see papillations, what are you thinking about?

Answer 18

Malignancy

Question 19

What is the commonest cause of GYN cancer death in the USA

Answer 19

Ovarian carcinoma

Question 20

What is the most common type of ovarian carcinoma if diagnosed at an advanced stage?

Answer 20

Serous

Question 21

What serum marker is increased in ovarian cancer patients?

Answer 21

CA-125

Question 22

Where do borderline tumors often present?

Answer 22

Mostly in epithelium of ovary

30% extra-ovarian (peritoneal)

Question 23

If mucinous tumor of the ovary, what is a very common source?

Answer 23

Appendix

Question 24

Most common neoplasia in females 10-30 yrs in age?

Answer 24

Mature cystic teratoma

Question 25

What is often seen as a part of a mature cystic teratoma?

Answer 25

skin, hair, teeth, intestine, bronchus, bone, everything wowthisisdisgusting

Question 26

Are mature cystic teratomas mostly benign or malignant?

Answer 26

99% benign

Question 27

What is the most common malignant germ cell tumor?

Answer 27

Dysgerminoma

Question 28

What are the most common presenting symptoms for malignant germ cell tumors?

Answer 28

Mass/torsion/rupture sx

HCG excess sx

Question 29

How many dysterminomas behave aggressively?

Answer 29

33%

Question 30

What is the male equivalent of dysgerminoma?

Answer 30

Testicular seminoma

Question 31

What is the worst germ cell tumor in women?

Answer 31

Non-dysgerminoma germ cell tumors

Question 32

If you see sertoli/leydig cells or granulosa cells on tumor slide, what is it?

Answer 32

Sex cord stromal tumors

Question 33

What is the most common sex cord stromal tumor?

Answer 33

Fibroma/thecoma

Question 34

Presenting symptoms of sex cord/stromal tumors?

Answer 34

Pelvic displacement, precocious puberty

Question 35

What is the commonest cause of neoplastic estrogen excess?

Answer 35

Granulosa cell tumor

Question 36

What tumors like to metastasize to the ovary?

Answer 36

Breast, colorectum, appendix, stomach