Gym q cards Flashcards
Each team shall consist of:
- No more than twelve (12) team members entitled to play, including a captain.
- A coach and, if a team wishes, an assistant coach.
- Five (5) players from each team shall be on the playing court during playing time and may be
substituted.
A substitute becomes a player and a player becomes a substitute when:
The official signals the substitute to enter the playing court.
* During a time-out or an interval of play, a substitute requests the substitution to the scorer.
Playing time, tied score and extra periods ?
➢ The game shall consist of four (4) periods of ten (10) minutes, with an interval of two (2) minutes
between each period of each half and a fifteen (15) minute half time.
➢ If the score is tied at the end of playing time for the fourth period, the game shall continue with as
many extra periods of five (5) minutes as is necessary to break the tie.
➢ If a foul is committed when or just before the game clock signal sounds for the end of playing time,
any eventual free throw(s) shall be taken after the end of playing time.
Beginning and end of a period or the game
➢ The first period begins when the ball is legally tapped by a jumper on the jump ball. All other periods
begin with a throw-in.
➢ A team must have five (5) players on the court ready to play in order to begin the game.
➢ Teams shall exchange baskets for the second half.
Jump ball ? and Held ball?
Definition
➢ A jump ball occurs when an official tosses the ball in the centre circle between any two opponents at
the beginning of the first period.
➢ A held ball occurs when one or more players of each opposing team have one or both hands firmly on
the ball so that neither player can gain control without undue roughness.
➢ Neither jumper may catch the ball or tap it more than twice until it has touched one of the non-jumpers
or the floor.
jump ball procedure ?
➢ Each jumper shall stand with both feet inside the half of the centre circle nearest to his own basket
with one foot close to the centre line.
➢ Team-mates may not occupy adjacent positions around the circle if an opponent wishes to occupy one
of those positions.
➢ The official shall then toss the ball vertically upwards between the 2 opponents, higher than either of
them can reach by jumping.
➢ The ball must be tapped with the hand(s) of at least one of the jumpers after it reaches its highest point.
➢ Neither jumper shall leave his position until the ball has been legally tapped.
➢ Neither jumper may catch the ball or tap it more than twice until it has touched one of the non-jumpers
or the floor.
➢ If the ball is not tapped by at least one of the jumpers, the jump ball shall be repeated.
➢ No part of a non-jumper’s body may be on or over the circle line (cylinder) before the ball has been
tapped.
Jump ball situations
A jump ball situation occurs when:
➢ A held ball is called.
➢ The ball goes out-of-bounds and the officials are in doubt or disagree about which of the opponents
last touched the ball.
➢ All periods other than the first period are to begin.
Alternating possession
Alternating possession is a method of causing the ball to become live with a throw-in rather than a jump ball.
➢ In all jump ball situations, teams will alternate possession of the ball for a throw-in at the place nearest
to where the jump ball situation occurs.
➢ The team that does not gain control of the live ball on the court after the jump ball which began the
first period will start the alternating possession.
➢ The team entitled to the next alternating possession at the end of any period shall start the next period
with a throw-in at the centre line extended, opposite the scorer’s table.
When a goal is made and its value
Definition
➢ A goal is made when a live ball enters the basket from above and remains within or passes through the
basket.
➢ The ball is considered to be within the basket when the slightest part of the ball is within and below
the level of the ring.
➢ A goal is credited to the team attacking the basket into which the ball has entered as follows:
* A goal from a free throw counts one (1) point.
* A goal from the two-point field goal area counts two (2) points.
* A goal from the three-point field goal area counts three (3) points.
➢ If a player accidentally scores a field goal in his own basket, the goal counts two (2) points and shall
be recorded as having been scored by the captain of the opposing team on the court.
➢ If a player deliberately scores a field goal in his own basket, it is a violation and the goal does not
count.
➢ If a player causes the entire ball to pass through the basket from below, it is a violation.
throw in ? what cant the players do ?
Definition
A throw-in occurs when the ball is passed into the court by the out-of-bounds player.
➢ The player shall take the throw-in at the place nearest to the infraction or where the game was stopped
by the official, except directly behind the backboard
➢ A player taking a throw-in shall not:
* Take more than five (5) seconds to release the ball.
* Step into the court while having the ball in his hand(s).
* Cause the ball to touch out-of-bounds, after it has been released on the throw-in.
* Touch the ball on the court before it has touched another player.
* Cause the ball to enter the basket directly.
* Move a distance of more than one (1) metre laterally nor move in more than one direction from
the place as designated by the official before or while releasing the ball. They are, however,
permitted to move directly backwards from the line as far as circumstances allow.
➢ Other player(s) shall not:
* Have any part of their bodies over the boundary line before the ball has been thrown across the
boundary line.
* Be closer than one (1) metre to the player taking the throw-in when the out-of bounds area,
free of obstruction at the throw-in place, is less than two (2) metres to the boundary line.
➢ An infraction of the thrown in rule is a violation and the ball is awarded to the opponents for a throw-
in at the place of the original throw-in.
Substitution ? defintion and procedure
Definition
➢ A substitution is an interruption of the game requested by the substitute.
Procedure
➢ Only a substitute has the right to request a substitution. (At the scorers table)
➢ The substitute shall remain outside the boundary line until the official gives the substitution signal and
beckons them to enter the playing court.
Time out ? definition and procedure ?
Definition
➢ A time-out is an interruption of the game requested by the coach or assistant coach.
➢ Each team is allowed two (2) time outs in the first half and three (3) in the second half.
➢ The time-out shall last one (1) minute.
Procedure
➢ Only a coach or assistant coach has the right to request a time-out.
➢ The time-out period:
* Begins when an official blows his whistle and gives the time-out signal.
* Ends when the official blows his whistle and beckons the teams back on the playing court.
violations ? definition and penalty ?
Definition
➢ A violation is an infraction of the rules.
Penalty (consequence)
➢ The ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in at the place nearest to where the infraction
took place, except directly behind the backboard, unless otherwise stated in the rules.
examples of violations : 1. Player out-of-bounds and ball out-of-bounds
Definition
➢ A player is out-of-bounds when any part of their body is in contact with the floor or any object
other than a player, on, above or outside the boundary line.
➢ The ball is out-of-bounds when it touches:
* A player or any other person who is out-of-bounds.
* The floor or any object on, above or outside the boundary line.
* The backboard supports, the back of the backboards or any object above the playing court.
ex. of violations : traveling
- definitions
- rule
Definition
➢ Travelling is the illegal movement of one or both feet in any direction, while holding a live ball on the
court. The player taking more than 2 steps without bouncing the ball on the floor. This is called
Traveling.
➢ A pivot is the legal movement in which a player who is holding a live ball on the court steps once or
more than once in any direction with the same foot, while the other foot, called the pivot foot, is kept
at its point of contact with the floor.
Rule
➢ Establishing a pivot foot for a player who catches a live ball on the court:
* While standing with both feet on the floor:
▪ The moment one foot is lifted, the other becomes the pivot foot.
* While moving or dribbling:
▪ If one foot is touching the floor, that foot becomes the pivot foot.
▪ If both feet are off the floor and the player lands on both feet simultaneously, the
moment one foot is lifted, the other becomes the pivot foot.
▪ If both feet are off the floor and the player lands on one foot, then that foot becomes the
pivot foot.
➢ Progressing with the ball for a player who has established a pivot foot while having the control of a
live ball on the court:
* While standing with both feet on the floor:
▪ To start a dribble, the pivot foot may not be lifted before the ball is released from the
hand(s).
▪ To pass or shoot for a field goal, the player may jump off a pivot foot, but neither foot
may be returned to the floor before the ball is released from the hand(s).
* While moving or dribbling:
▪ To start a dribble, the pivot foot may not be lifted before the ball is released from the
hand(s).
➢ Player falling, lying or sitting on the floor:
* It is legal when a player falls on the floor while holding the ball or, while lying or sitting on the
floor, gains control of the ball.
* It is a violation if the player then slides, rolls, or attempts to stand up while holding the ball.
ex. of violations : double dribble
Another example of violation occurs when a player stops dribbling and then starts dribbling again or when
s/he bounces the ball with both hands on the ball.
ex. of a violations : carry
A violation is also committed if you twist your hand, when in contact with the ball, beyond the vertical,
bringing it under the ball. The hand must always remain on the top of the ball.
ex. of violations : Ball returned to the backcourt
- definition and rule
Definition
➢ The ball goes into a team’s backcourt when:
* It touches the backcourt.
* It touches a player or an official who has part of his body in contact with the backcourt.
➢ The ball has been illegally returned to the backcourt when a player of the team in control of the live
ball is:
* The last to touch the ball in his frontcourt, after which that player or a teammate is the first to
touch the ball in the backcourt.
* The last to touch the ball in his backcourt, after which the ball touches the frontcourt and then
is first touched by that player or team-mate in the backcourt.
Rule
➢ A player whose team is in control of a live ball may not cause the ball to be illegally returned to his
backcourt.
ex of violation : Goal tending and interference
- rules and penalties
Goal tending
Rule
➢ Goal tending occurs during a shot for a field goal when a player touches the ball while it is completely
above the level of the ring and:
* It is on its downward flight to the basket, or
* After it has hit the backboard.
➢ Goal tending occurs during a shot for a free throw when a player touches the ball while it is in flight to
the basket and before it touches the ring.
➢ The goal tending restrictions apply until:
* The ball no longer has the possibility of entering the basket during the shot.
rinciple of verticality
Interference
Rule
➢ Interference occurs during a shot for a field goal when:
* A player touches the basket or the backboard while the ball is in contact with the ring.
* A player reaches through the basket from below and touches the ball. This is valid also on a pass and
also after the ball has touched the ring.
* A defensive player touches the ball or the basket while the ball is within the basket and it prevents
the ball from passing through the basket.
* A defensive player causes the backboard to vibrate or grasps the basket in such a way that, in the
judgement of the official, the ball has been prevented from entering the basket.
* An offensive player causes the backboard to vibrate or grasps the basket in such a way that, in the
judgement of the official, the ball has been caused to enter the basket.
* A player grasps the basket to play the ball. This is valid also after the ball has touched the ring.
*No player shall touch the ball after it has touched the ring while it still has the possibility to enter the
basket
Penalty
➢ If the violation is committed by an offensive player, no points can be awarded. The ball is given to
the opponents for a throw-in at the free-throw line extended.
➢ If the violation is committed by a defensive player, the offensive team is awarded the points as if the
ball had gone in the basket:
* One (1) point when the ball was released for a free throw.
* Two (2) points when the ball was released from the two-point field goal area.
* Three (3) points when the ball was released from the three-point field goal area.
fouls ?
Definition
A foul is an infraction of the rules concerning illegal personal contact with an opponent and/or
unsportsmanlike behaviour.
General principles
Cylinder principle
➢ The cylinder principle is defined as the space within an imaginary cylinder occupied by a player on the
floor. It includes the space above the player and is limited to:
* The front by the palms of the hands,
* The rear by the buttocks, and
* The sides by the outside edge of the arms and legs.
- The hands and arms may be extended in front of the torso
no further than the position of the feet, with the arms bent
at the elbows so that the forearms and hands are raised.
The distance between his feet will vary according to his
height.
- During the game, each player has the right to occupy any position (cylinder) on the playing court not already
occupied by an opponent. This principle protects the space on the floor which he occupies and the space
above him when he jumps vertically within that space
Examples of Personal Fouls: personal foul
Definition
➢ A personal foul is a player’s contact foul with an opponent, whether the ball is live or dead.
* A player shall not hold, block, push, charge, trip or impede the progress of an opponent by
extending his hand, arm, elbow, shoulder, hip, leg, knee or foot, nor by bending his body into an
‘abnormal’ position (outside his cylinder), nor shall they indulge in any rough or violent play.
Screening (Pick): Legal and illegal
Screening is an attempt to delay or prevent an opponent without the ball from reaching a desired position on
the playing court.
➢ Legal screening is when the player who is screening an opponent:
* Is stationary (inside his cylinder) when contact occurs.
* Has both feet on the floor when contact occurs.
➢ Illegal screening is when the player who is screening an opponent:
* Was moving when contact occurred.
what are the personal fouls
- charging/ blocking
- Contacting an opponent with the hand(s) and/or arm(s) (Illegal use of the hands)
- Disqualifying foul
- Technical foul
- Five fouls by a player
