Guyton And Hall Physiology Review Questions

Question 1

Generally speaking, what is capable of reversing bronchorestriction induced by asthma?

Answer 1

β-agonists

Question 2

The pleural pressure of a normal 56-year-old woman is approximately -5 cm H2O during resting conditions immediately before inspiration (i.e., at functional residual capacity [FRC]).  What is the pleural pressure (in cm H2O) during inspiration?
A) +1
B) +4
C) 0
D) -3
E) -7

Answer 2

E) -7

Intrapleural pressure and pleural pressure are synonymous

The value is actually -8cm H20!

Question 3

What muscles assist with forced inspiration?

Answer 3

External intercostals

Sternocleidomastoid

Scaleni

(They all open up the chest)

Question 4

What two muscles are employed in force expiration? Which muscle does the majority of the work?

Answer 4

Rectus abdominus

Internal intercostals

Rectus abdominus is the major worker

Question 5

A 22-year-old woman has a pulmonary compliance of 0.2 L/cm H20 and a pleural pressure of -4cm H20. What is the pleural pressure (in cm H20) when the woman inhales 1.0 liter of air?

A.) -6
B.) -7
C.) -8
D.) -9
E.) -10

Answer 5

d.) -9

Because the compliance is 0.2L/cm H20, it should be clear that a 1.0 L increase in volume will cause a 5cm H20 decrease in pleural pressure (1.0L/0.2L/cm H20 = 5.0 cm H20), and because the initial pleural pressure was -4 cm H20 before inhalation, the pressure is reduced by 5 cm H20 (to -9 cm H20) when 1.0 liter of air is inhaled

Question 6

What is the equation for compliance?

Answer 6

delta V / delta transpulmonary pressure