Guides Flashcards
Critical points of hand hygiene
immediately before each episode of direct patient contact or care
including clean/aseptic procedures
immediately after each episode of direct patient contact or care
immediately after contact with body fluids, mucous
membranes and non-intact skin
immediately after other activities or contact with objects/equipment in the immediate patient environment that may result in
the hands becoming contaminated
immediately after the removal of gloves
When to wash hands with soap and water
• After several applications of hand sanitiser
• If your hands are visibly soiled, as hand sanitisers are ineffective in the presence of organic soiling;
• If your hands are potentially contaminated with bodily fluids (e.g., blood or excretions) (NHS Scotland, 2023);
• When caring for patients with vomiting or diarrhoeal illness, regardless of whether gloves are worn or not, as patients with these symptoms may have Clostridioides difficile (Clostridium difficile), norovirus or other diarrhoeal infections against which hand sanitisers are ineffective (NHSE, 2024; NICE, 2017; Loveday et al., 2014);
• After using the toilet;
• Before handling food.
What is Bradypnoea
slow, regular respiration less than 12 breaths /min
What is Tachypnoea
rapid, regular respiration over 20 breaths/min
What is prolonged expiration
expiration is longer than inspiration in normal breathing but may be further prolonged in certain conditions
What is Cheye-Stokes respiration
starts with slow shallow breaths, gradually becomes rapid and deep, then slowly subsides to produce periods of apnoea lasting between 12 and 20 seconds. A cycle may last 45 seconds to 3 minutes
What is Dyspnoea
difficult laboured and uncomfortable breathing
What is Orthopnea
dyspnoea is experienced in the recumbent position (lying flat)
What is Orthopnea
dyspnoea is experienced in the recumbent position (lying flat)
