Guidance and Feedback Flashcards
What is intrinsic feedback?
Feedback that the learner gives themselves.
It is beneficial for autonomous performers but poor in cognitive performers
What is extrinsic feedback?
feedback from an external source, like a coach. This is better for cognitive performers, though the performer could become reliant.
Moreover, incorrect feedback causes incorrect technique
What is positive feedback?
Praise or encouragement, usually from an external source.
Positive feedback is positive reinforcement and will strengthen the S-R bond, though if used when it is not deserved, it could strengthen the wrong S-R bond
What is negative feedback?
It is criticism for focussing on the incorrect technique and performance, it is usually extrinsic.
Negative feedback should be used more with autonomous performers and can be motivating. Though for cognitive performers, it can be demotivating
What is knowledge of results?
It can be intrinsic or extrinsic, and its whether the performer got the correct result from the skill performed
What is knowledge of performance?
It can be intrinsic or extrinsic and is whether the movement was correct to perform the skill
How can feedback be made more effective?
- Don’t overload information
- Give feedback as soon as possible
- Give specific feedback
What verbal guidance?
A verbal description of the skill that is used commonly alongside visual guidance
When is verbal guidance used alone?
When discussing tactics with autonomous performers
How is verbal guidance made more effective?
- Don’t speak for too long
- Encourage Q and A
- Use verbal guidance early
What are the advantages of verbal guidance?
- Form of feedback
- Motivates
- Holds attention
What are the disadvantages of verbal guidance?
- information overload
- Potential incorrect understanding
What is visual guidance?
Using videos, demonstrations, charts or photos to give a mental image of the skill being performed. It is best used with cognitive learners
How is visual guidance made more effective?
Highlighting key aspects to reduce information overload
What are the advantages of visual guidance?
- Observational learning
- Skill can be shown in different stages
