Guest speaker 2: Personality and Bullying Flashcards
What are individual differences? [1]
Unique patterns of how people think, feel, and behave differently from each other
When do individual differences start? [2]
- They can be seen in babies, like how active or energetic they are.
- They continue as we grow into children and teens.
Do individual differences stay the same? [2]
- They are often stable, meaning they don’t change much over time.
- But sometimes they can change a little, depending on life and situations.
What [3] factors influence traits?
- genetics
- environment
- experiences
How do traits affect social relationships? [1]
The way we think, feel, and act can impact how we get along with others.
What are the [2] main ways to measure traits?
- Temperament
- Personality
What is temperament? [3]
- Differences in how people react and control their emotions, activity, and attention.
- Reactivity (how easily you react)
- Self-regulation (controlling reactions)
When do we use temperament to measure traits? [3]
- Usually in babies and children.
- We look at emotions, interests, and attention.
- By age 3, more complex emotions like fear and pride start showing.
How is temperament usually measured? [3]
- Parents or observers report on the child’s behavior.
- Temperament in Middle Children Questionnaire (ages 7-10)
- Early Adolescent Temperament Questionnaire-Revised (ages 9-15)
What are [4] subscales in temperament measures?
- Effortful Control: Controlling actions, attention.
- Surgency: How eager you are to explore new things, low shyness, low fear.
- Negative Affect: How easily you get frustrated or irritated.
- Affiliation: How close you feel to others emotionally.
What is personality? [3]
- It covers a wider range of traits, behaviors, and personal stories that help create identity.
- Characteristic adaptations (how you adjust to situations)
- Personal narratives (your life story)
When do we use personality to measure traits? [2]
- Studied in school-aged children and adults.
- Helps us understand how traits fit together in personality.
What is a common ways to measure personality? [1]
Big Five (OCEAN)
What about temperament and personality in adolescents? [3]
- Temperament is usually measured in kids, and personality in adults.
- Adolescents can show traits from both.
- Traits can stay the same or change over time and in different places.
Where do temperament and personality traits come from? [2]
- They come from both heredity (genetics) and the environment (experiences).
- These traits are also seen in animals, showing they evolved over time.