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Guess the drug (autonomic nervous system version)) Flashcards

1
Q

I am a drug that inhibit the rate limiting step of synthesis of Ach

A

Hemicholinium

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2
Q

I am a drug that block Ach release while my brother causes the release of Ach

A

Botulinium
Spider venom (black widow)

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3
Q

I am an enzyme found in plasma but I don’t play a significant role in termination of Ach effect

A

Pseudocholinesterase

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4
Q

I am a drug that inhibit the movement of Ach into the vesicles

A

Vesamicol

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5
Q

An alkaloid present in poisonous mushrooms

A

muscarine

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6
Q

How many muscarinic subclasses do we have

A

5 (only 3 being functionally characterized)

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7
Q

M1 receptors are on——-
M2 receptors are on——-
M3 receptors are on ——-

A

Gastric parietal cells
Cardiac and smooth muscle
Bladder, exocrine and smooth muscle

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8
Q

T or F
drugs with Muscarinic act can’t stimulate nicotinic receptors

A

false
at high concentration they do

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9
Q

Muscarinic receptors are G-coupled receptors with — or —- being excitatory ( G–) while —– being inhibitory (G–)

A

G coupled
M1 and M3 Gq
M2 inhibitory (Gi)

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10
Q

nicotinic receptors are —–gated —- that have (rapid\slow)—– action

A

ligand gated ion channels (Na+ or Ca2+)
rapidddd

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11
Q

I am a drug that block the nicotinic receptors at the ganglia level while my brother blocks it at the level of neuromuscular junction

A

Hexamethonium
Tubocurarine

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12
Q

I am an alkaloid, stable to hydrolysis by AChE, uncharged used mainly in ophthalmology

A

pilocarpine

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13
Q

I am a poor substrate for ACHE positively charged and i have nicotinic action

A

Carbachol

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14
Q

I am rarely therapeutic except in the eye because of my high potency , non selective binding and long duration of action

A

Carbachol

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15
Q

I lack nicotinic action and not hydrolized by ACHE i have a duration of action about 1 hr

A

bethanechol

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16
Q

My major actions are on SMC of bladder and GI

A

Bethanecol

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17
Q

I am primarily used as miotic for treating glaucoma or during ophthalmic surgery

A

Carbachol

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18
Q

From my side effects:
Cause marked diaphoresis
enter brain and cause CNS disturbances

A

pilocarpine

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19
Q

From my usages:
tx of xerostomia
tx of open angle glaucoma
miosis and contraction of ciliary muscle

A

Pilocarpine

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20
Q

I am administered as intraocular solution or injection

A

Carbachol

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21
Q

I am used to treat megacolon and atonic bladder

A

Bethanecol

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22
Q

Iam a useless drug

A

ACH

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23
Q

I am a tertiary amine that make a stable carbmaminoylated compound with ACHE then make it reversibly inactive

A

physostigmine

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24
Q

I am a quaternary amine that enters the CNS poorly from my uses:
gastric contractions and secretions
motor act of small intestine and colon
treating bladder atony and symptomatic myasthenia gravis

A

neostigmine

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25
Q

we are 4 drugs for alzheimer’s but we cant stop the disease progression one of us is hepatotoxic
from our side effects is—

A

galantamine, tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine
tacrine is the toxic
GI distress

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26
Q

I am used to diagnose myasthenia gravis but i am a short acting agent that cause cramping for only few minutes

A

Edrophonium

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27
Q

we are 2 drugs used to treat myasthenia gravis

A

neo and pyridostigmine

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28
Q

we are 2 drugs used as antidotes for tubocurarine

A

neostigmine and edrophonium

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29
Q

i m an intermediate acting agent used to increase intestinal and bladder motility and produce miosis and spasm accomodation as well as lowering intraocular pressure

A

physostigmine

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30
Q

i am used for overdoses of atropine phenothiazines or TCAs

A

physostigmine

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31
Q

I am a synthetic organophosphate that bind covalently to serine OH of AchE

A

Echothiophate

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32
Q

I can reverse the action of echothiophate only before aging (loss of alkyl group)

A

Pralidoxime

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33
Q

We can reverse the actions of echothiophate

A

Pralidoxime and atropine

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34
Q

T or F
Echothiophate is the first line tx for glaucoma

A

False
only in chronic tx of open angle glaucoma

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35
Q

Tor F
the actions of echothiophate may last up to 3 weeks

A

false 1 week

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36
Q

T or F
Pralidoxine can penetrate CNS

A

F
It can reverse echothiophate effects except in the CNS

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37
Q

I am an alkaloid act both centrally and peripherally my actions last about 4 hrs while placed topically in the eye its action last for days

A

Atropine

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38
Q

I have longer duration of action than atropine and greater action on CNS

A

Scopolamine

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39
Q

I am used to treat asthma who are unable to take adrenergic agonist also used in COPD

A

Ipratropium

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40
Q

I produce mydriasis for 6 hrs while my brother produce it for 24 hrs

A

tropicamide
cyclopentolate

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41
Q

I am an important adjunct in anesthetic procedures and effective prophylactically for motion sickness
I can produce sedation, excitement and euphoria

A

scopolamine

42
Q

The most effective anti motion sickness drug and i block short term memory

A

scopolamine

43
Q

low doses of me may overcome atropine toxicity

A

physostigmine

44
Q

I reduce gastric acid secretion but i dont antagonize other systems

A

Pirenzepine

45
Q

used as mydriatic and cyclopegic agent , anti spasmodic, antidote for cholinergic agonist and anti secretory

46
Q

T or F
nicotine is a nondepolarizing competiitive antagonist

A

false
all except nicotine

47
Q

I depolarize ganglia first in stimulation then in paralysis

48
Q

at low doses i increase Bp and HR and increase peristalsis and secretions
while at high doses the pressure falls and activity of both GI and bladder ceases

49
Q

I am the only ganglion blocker other than nicotine used for emergent hypertensive situations and my action lasts for 10 hrs

A

Mecamylamine

50
Q

I block skeletal neuromuscular junction largely replaced because i am a potential allergen, less anesthetic is required when i am administered.

A

tubocurarine

51
Q

mode of action of competitive blockers at low and high doses

A

low: binds to the receptor administration of AchE inhibitors can overcome the effect of tubocurarine
high: binds to the ion channel reducing the ability of AcHE inhibitors to overcome its effect

52
Q

we are 3 drugs that cause the release of histamine and cause fall in blood pressure flushing and bronchoconstriction
adjuvants of anesthesia during surgery and useful in intubation

A

tubocurarine mivacurium atracurium

52
Q

we are 3 drugs that cause the release of histamine and cause fall in blood pressure flushing and bronchoconstriction
adjuvants of anesthesia during surgery and useful in intubation

A

tubocurarine mivacurium atracurium

53
Q

I am degraded by plasma by ester hydrolysis i provoke seizures

A

atracurium

54
Q

we are 2 drugs excreted in the urine unchanged

A

tubocurarine and mivacurium

55
Q

the fam of 3 drugs exhibit 3 important characteristics
1——–
2——-
3…….

A

orally ineffective (quaternary amines bulky)
dont enter cells or cross BBB
not metablized (terminated by redistribution)

56
Q

I am in the same family as atracurium but i have less side effects

A

cisatracurium

57
Q

We belong to the aminosteroid family excreted unchanged in bile

A

Vecoronium and rocuronium

58
Q

nondepolarizing blockers drug drug interctions (3)

A

-Cholinesterase inhibitors can overcome their actions but with increased dosage they cause depolarizing block
-aminoglycosides (tobramycin and genta) enhance the blockage
-Calcium channel blockers increase neuromuscular block

59
Q

I am depolarizing agent that cause constant stimulation and depolarization of the receptor then gradual repolarization then flaccid paralysis

A

succinylcholine

60
Q

I block the the transport of dopamine to the vesicle

61
Q

we block the release of NE from the neurons

A

Guanethidine and bretylium

62
Q

we inhibit the reuptake of NE

A

Cocaine and imipramine

63
Q

I increase the cardiac contraction decrease the peripheral resistance

A

Epinephrine

64
Q

I am used in anaphylactic shock cardiac arrest anesthetics and bronchospasm

A

epinephrine

65
Q

T or F
in emergency NE have the most rapid onset of action

66
Q

Mode of administration of epi

A

topical
SC
Iv

67
Q

Epi adverse effects

A

CNS disturbances (anxiety fear tremor headache)
Hemorrhage
Cardiac arrhythmias (with digitalis)

68
Q

Epi interactions

A

with coc: exagerrated CV action
Can cause diabetes
B-blockers: leads to increased Bp

69
Q

I work on alpha1 alpha2 b1
I increase the peripheral resistance but cause reflex bradycardia

70
Q

T or F
NE is well absorbed SC
NE can cause necrosis
duration of action 4-5 mins
Used to treat shock

A

false poorly
T
F: 1-2mins
T

71
Q

i work on B1 and b2 only

A

isoproterenol

72
Q

I significantly decrease peripheral resistance and increase cardiac force
used in atrioventricular block

A

Isoprotenerol

73
Q

Uses of isoprotenerol

A

rarely as bronchodilator
stimulate heart in emergency

74
Q

Mode of adminstration of iso

A

sublingual
inhaled
IV

75
Q

I work on a1(at high doses) and b1(on low doses) but also 2 other receptors iam the best in tx of shock

76
Q

I am a selective B1 agonist used in congestive heart failure and does not sigficantly increase oxygen demand

A

Dobutamine

77
Q

I am a a1 a2 agrenergic agonist used as ophthalmic drops to treat eye redness and as a decongestant
i can cause rebound congestion in long term use with burning of mucosa and sneezing

A

oxymetazoline

78
Q

I am selective a1 agonist acting as a vasoconstrictor i can cause reflex bradycardia when given IV
i have local effects as a decongestant and cause mydriasis

A

phenylephrine

79
Q

a1 favored over a2
used in supraventricular tachy
used to ovrcome hypotensive effect of halothane

A

Methoxamine

80
Q

a2 selective agonist
used in essential hypertension and to minimize withdrawal of opiates or benzo

81
Q

B2 non selective
used as bronchodilator in tx of asthma and reverse bronchospasm
——- inhalation aerosol is indicated

A

Metaprotenerol
Alupent

82
Q

short acting B2 agonists (3)

A

Albuterol
Pirbuterol
Terbutaline

83
Q

LABAs:
duration of action
not recommended as monotherapy usually accompanied with—
uses:

A

Salmeterol and formoterol
12 hr compared to 3 hr for SABAs
ICS
Nocturnal asthma

84
Q

I cause release of stored catecholamines Used in ADHD narcolepsy and apetite control
should be avoided in pregnancy

A

Amphetamine

85
Q

Can cause hypertension when taken with MAO inhibitors because it causes release of NE from nerve terminals

86
Q

I block the NA+/K+ pump

87
Q

Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine Mode of action

A

Release both stored NE and E and also stimulate A and B receptors

88
Q

T or F
Ephedrine and pseudoephedrine both are well absorbed orally and penetrate CNS

89
Q

Ephedrine works on ——- receptors and used in—–
while pseudoephedrine is used in ——–

A

a1 a2 b1 b2
mild stimulation of CNS
asthma,nasal decongestant, raise BP
nasal and sinus congestion

90
Q

I am used to treat ADHD patients by inhibiting reuptake of dopamine and NE

A

Methylphenidate

91
Q

I block a1 and a2 covalently irreversibly and in a noncompeyitive manner
I prevent vasoconstriction and cause relfex tachycardia
I reverse the effect of epi
Used in pheochromocytoma and raynaud’s disease

A

Phenoxybenzamine

92
Q

Adverse effects of phenoxybenzamine

A

Inhibit ejaculation
Postural hypotension
Nausea and vomiting
Reflex tachy

93
Q

I am a competitive antagonist for a1 and a2
My action last for 4 hr
Used for short term pheo
Can trigger arrhytmias and anginal pain (contraindicated in patients with decreased perfusion)

A

Phentolamine

94
Q

We are both in the competitive antagonists for a1 but we are used in tx of hypertension

A

Prazosin doxazosin

95
Q

We belong to the competitive antagonist a1 but we are used mainly for tx of BPH

A

Tamsulosin
Alfusozin

96
Q

T or F
Tamsulosin have the most effect on HtN
Tamsulosin binds on a1B receptors

A

Falseee least
Falseeeee a1A found on SMc of prostate

97
Q

Adverse effects of -sin family

A

Orthostatic htn
Retrograde ejaculation and inhibition of ejaculation
Drowsinnes dizziness
Lack of energy
Nasal congestion
Headache

98
Q

I am a a2 competitive blocker
I increase the sympathetic flow

99
Q

Uses of B blockers

A

HTN
Dont induce hypotension
Angina
Cardiac arrythmias
MI
CHf
Hyperthyroidism
Glaucoma
Migrain prophylaxis

Pharmacology (16 decks)

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