Anti Psychotic Drugs Flashcards
Neuroleptics usages (illnesses)
1-
2-
3-
4-
Bipolar
Schizo
Delusional disorder
Psychotic depression
Antipsychotics or—– are also used to treat ——-
Term neuroleptic is called for:
1-
2-
3-
Major tranquilizers
OCD
1-antagonism of D2 dopamine receptors
2- substantial risk of extrapyramidal side effects
3-increased release of prolactin
Therapeutic actions of neuroleptics
Sedative
Anti positive symptoms
Anti negative symptoms
Typical antipsychotics mechanism of action
1-
2-
3-
1-Dopamine d2 receptor blockage in mesolimbic and mesocortical for antipsychotic effects
2-dopamine d2 receptor blockage in basal ganglia for EPS side effect
3-dopamine d2 receptor supetsensitivity in nigrostriatal system for tardive dyskinesia
Typical neuroleptics produce a general depression in the CNS
False
No development of abuse addiction with no delay of action
False
There is a delay in action
Names of typical antipsychotics
1-
2
3-
Phenothiazines (2 benzene 1 sulfer 1 nitrogen)
Thioxanthenes
Phenothiazines subgroups
Side effects by ——-:—–,—-,—-
Those with aliphatic side chains include—– with
1-
2-
3-
Blocking receptors
M1 H1cand alpha1
Chlorpromazine
EPS side effects ++
Muscarinic ++
Sedation and hypotension +++
With piperidine ring include ——
EPS side effects —–
Muscarinic side effects—–
Sedation or hypotension—–
Thioridazine
+
+++
+++
Piperazine group include—–
Eps—-
Muscarinic—-
Sedation or hypotension—-
Fluophenazine
+++
++
+
Thioxanthenes have —- or —– side chains
The analog of chlorpramazine in thioxantheens is —–
Analog of piperazine in thioxanthates is ——/
Aliphatic
Piperazine
Chlorprothixene
Flupentixol
Thioxanthans are potent tranquilizers
True
Butyrophenone include—- dericative of analgesic——
Side effects:
Haloperidol
Meperidine
Confusion weight gain gynecomastia galactorrhea and neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Adverse effects of antipsychotics
Blockage of M1: dry mouth urinary retention consptipation tachy impotence blurred vision
Blockage of H1: sedation weight gain
Blockage of aloha 1: hypotension and arrythmias
Blockage of D2: EPS side effects prolactenemia gynecomastia and galactorrhea
Leukopenia agranulocytosis
Photosensitivity with phenothiazines
EPS side effects
Due to——-
1-
2-
3-
Excess of cholinergic and inhibition of dopamine
Dystonia (few hrs to days of tx)
Akathisias (within days to weeks)
Parkinson like symptoms (weeks to months)
Parkinson like syndrome:
Bradykinesia
Tremors
Hypertonia
In many individuals Tardive dyskinesia is ——- after discontinuation of tx it may occur after —– to — of tx
Caused by——–
Irreversible
Months to years
Increased dopamine receptors by compansatory mechanisms which make it supersensitive and overpower the cholinergic input
Neuroleptic malignant sundrome
Occur —– to —— hr when—— especially with ——- and —–
Symptoms:
24 hr to 72 hr when elevated doses are administered
Butyrophene and phenothiazianes
Akinesia
Muscle rigidity
Fever
Altered muscle statur and stupor
Unstable Bp
Other
